Liu Fangfang, Han Jiahui, Zhang Lingcong, Li Fuhong
School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
School of Educational Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jul 25;10:1702. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01702. eCollection 2019.
Inductive reasoning can be performed in different contexts, but it is unclear whether the neural mechanism of reasoning performed in a thematic context (e.g., bee has x, so honey has x) is the same as that performed in a taxonomic context (e.g., bee has x, so butterfly has x). In the present study, participants were required to judge whether a conclusion was acceptable or not based on its premise, for which the taxonomic or thematic distances between premise and conclusion objects were either far or near. The Event related potential (ERP) results indicated that the effect of context (taxonomic vs. thematic) was initially observed in the P2 component; while the distance effect (far vs. near) was observed in N400 and late components. Moreover, the distance effect on thematic-based inductive reasoning was found in the anterior regions, while the distance effect on taxonomic-based inductive reasoning conditions was found in the posterior regions. These results support the view that inductive reasoning is performed differently under different semantic contexts.
归纳推理可以在不同的情境中进行，但尚不清楚在主题情境（例如，蜜蜂有x，所以蜂蜜有x）中进行推理的神经机制是否与在分类情境（例如，蜜蜂有x，所以蝴蝶有x）中进行推理的神经机制相同。在本研究中，要求参与者根据前提判断结论是否可接受，前提和结论对象之间的分类或主题距离有远有近。事件相关电位（ERP）结果表明，情境（分类与主题）效应最初在P2成分中观察到；而距离效应（远与近）在N400和晚期成分中观察到。此外，基于主题的归纳推理的距离效应在前部区域被发现，而基于分类的归纳推理条件的距离效应在后部区域被发现。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即归纳推理在不同的语义情境下的执行方式不同。
