Chen Qingfei, Liang Xiuling, Lei Yi, Li Hong
Research Centre for Special Economic Zone Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Centre for Brain Function and Psychological Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Research Centre for Brain Function and Psychological Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2015 May;157:176-84. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.02.017. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
Causally related concepts like "virus" and "epidemic" and general associatively related concepts like "ring" and "emerald" are represented and accessed separately. The Evoked Response Potential (ERP) procedure was used to examine the representations of causal judgment and associative judgment in semantic memory. Participants were required to remember a task cue (causal or associative) presented at the beginning of each trial, and assess whether the relationship between subsequently presented words matched the initial task cue. The ERP data showed that an N400 effect (250-450 ms) was more negative for unrelated words than for all related words. Furthermore, the N400 effect elicited by causal relations was more positive than for associative relations in causal cue condition, whereas no significant difference was found in the associative cue condition. The centrally distributed late ERP component (650-750 ms) elicited by the causal cue condition was more positive than for the associative cue condition. These results suggested that the processing of causal judgment and associative judgment in semantic memory recruited different degrees of attentional and executive resources.
像“病毒”和“流行病”这样具有因果关系的概念，以及像“戒指”和“祖母绿”这样一般具有联想关系的概念，它们的表征和提取是分开进行的。事件相关电位（ERP）程序被用于研究语义记忆中因果判断和联想判断的表征。要求参与者记住在每个试验开始时呈现的任务线索（因果或联想），并评估随后呈现的单词之间的关系是否与初始任务线索匹配。ERP数据表明，对于无关单词，N400效应（250 - 450毫秒）比所有相关单词更负向。此外，在因果线索条件下，由因果关系引发的N400效应比联想关系更正向，而在联想线索条件下未发现显著差异。因果线索条件引发的中央分布晚期ERP成分（650 - 750毫秒）比联想线索条件更正向。这些结果表明，语义记忆中因果判断和联想判断的处理调用了不同程度的注意力和执行资源。
