Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
Epileptic Disord. 2019 Aug 1;21(4):330-336. doi: 10.1684/epd.2019.1087.
Adverse drug reactions are a leading cause of treatment failure with antiepileptic drugs. Adverse drug reactions are also a major source of morbidity and mortality, and a substantial burden on the use and costs of health care. Recent pharmacogenetic studies have shown that some adverse drug reactions are associated with genetic variants, which has changed how we select antiepileptic drugs for individual patients. This article, beginning with a case of an adverse drug reaction induced by carbamazepine, will answer four key questions about pharmacogenetics of adverse drug reactions: (1) What types of adverse drug reactions can be caused by antiepileptic drugs? (2) What is pharmacogenetics? (3) How does pharmacogenetics play a role in the adverse drug reactions of antiepileptic drugs? and (4) How do we apply pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice? Our goal is to increase awareness of the contributions of genetic variation to adverse drug reactions of antiepileptic drugs.
药物不良反应是抗癫痫药物治疗失败的主要原因。药物不良反应也是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，也是医疗保健的使用和成本的巨大负担。最近的药物遗传学研究表明，一些药物不良反应与遗传变异有关，这改变了我们为个体患者选择抗癫痫药物的方式。本文从卡马西平引起的药物不良反应病例开始，将回答关于药物不良反应的药物遗传学的四个关键问题：（1）抗癫痫药物可引起哪些类型的药物不良反应？（2）什么是药物遗传学？（3）药物遗传学如何在抗癫痫药物的药物不良反应中发挥作用？（4）我们如何在临床实践中应用药物遗传学检测？我们的目标是提高对抗癫痫药物药物不良反应中遗传变异作用的认识。
