Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Institute of Fuel Cells, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Oct;26(29):29883-29895. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06054-5. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
This simulation study is aimed to model a contemporary Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) CHP system having a 'heat and power' autonomy as well as a provision of demand-driven electrical supply to the grid. A novel nanowire-electrode PEMFC stack is adopted within this PEMFC CHP system so to effectively replace the existing natural gas fuelled durable solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) CHP system installed at David Wilson Millennium Eco-house at University of Nottingham. The energy savings, environmental, and economic performances of the proposed PEMFC system are determined and compared to the base case (SOFC) which is operated continuously to maintain a 1.5 kWe. While to meetup the highly fluctuating and seasonal demands of heating and power like in the UK, a PEMFC is more productive and advantageous over a SOFC. The proposed PEMFC unlike to the SOFC will be able to operate and adjust its output and turn down instantly as per changing conditions of ambient temperatures and loads in terms of electricity and heat. The results of the modelling predicted that as compared to the base case scenario, this PEMFC CHP system will efficiently reduce an annual CO emission by 65.99% and fiscal costs by 66.74% with a viable internal rate of return as 8.93% and benefit to cost ratio as 1.02.
本模拟研究旨在为质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 热电联产系统建模，该系统具有“热能和电力”自治能力，并能按需向电网提供电力供应。在这个 PEMFC 热电联产系统中采用了新型纳米线电极 PEMFC 堆栈，以有效替代安装在诺丁汉大学大卫·威尔逊千年生态住宅中的现有天然气燃料耐用固体氧化物燃料电池 (SOFC) 热电联产系统。确定并比较了所提出的 PEMFC 系统的节能、环境和经济性能与基准案例（SOFC），后者连续运行以维持 1.5kW 的功率。为了满足英国等地区对热能和电力的高度波动和季节性需求，PEMFC 比 SOFC 更具生产力和优势。与 SOFC 不同，PEMFC 将能够根据环境温度和电力、热力负荷的变化条件，调整其输出并立即降低输出。建模结果预测，与基准案例相比，该 PEMFC 热电联产系统将有效地减少 65.99%的年 CO 排放和 66.74%的财政成本，内部收益率为 8.93%，效益成本比为 1.02。
