Department of Psychology.
Dev Psychol. 2019 Nov;55(11):2417-2427. doi: 10.1037/dev0000803. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
Research has indicated age-related improvements in relational binding, an important process of episodic memory, across development. However, little research has focused on individual differences in relational binding and factors contributing to this variation. Although differences may arise from various sources, early caregiving has been shown to impact aspects of memory related to relational binding and also the hippocampus, a structure critical to binding. The present study investigated the influences of early and concurrent parenting and maternal lifetime depression history on children's ability to successfully bind details and retain this information across a delay. A total of 97 children are included in this report. Children were part of a longitudinal study with testing at preschool age (Time 1: 3-5 years) and school age (Time 2: approximately 3 years later). At both time points, positive and negative parenting behaviors were assessed during observational parenting tasks and maternal depression history was assessed with a clinical interview. At Time 2, a composite binding score was derived from two episodic memory tasks: a source memory task and a feature binding task. Findings indicated that early positive parenting predicted higher binding scores later in childhood whereas maternal depression was associated with lower scores. These results were robust even after taking into account child age, general cognitive ability, race, and parental education. These findings highlight 2 factors related to the caregiving environment, parenting and maternal depression, that contribute to individual differences in children's relational binding ability and underscore the importance of early experience on episodic memory development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
研究表明，在整个发展过程中，与年龄相关的关系绑定（情节记忆的一个重要过程）得到了改善。然而，很少有研究关注关系绑定的个体差异以及导致这种差异的因素。尽管差异可能来自各种来源，但早期的养育方式已经被证明会影响与关系绑定相关的记忆方面，也会影响到海马体，这是与绑定相关的关键结构。本研究调查了早期和同时的父母养育方式以及母亲一生的抑郁史对儿童成功绑定细节并在延迟中保留这些信息的能力的影响。本报告共纳入 97 名儿童。这些儿童是一项纵向研究的一部分，在学前年龄（时间 1：3-5 岁）和学龄（时间 2：大约 3 年后）进行测试。在两个时间点，通过观察性的育儿任务评估积极和消极的育儿行为，通过临床访谈评估母亲的抑郁史。在时间 2，从两个情节记忆任务中得出一个综合绑定分数：来源记忆任务和特征绑定任务。研究结果表明，早期积极的育儿方式预测了儿童后期更高的绑定分数，而母亲的抑郁则与较低的分数相关。即使考虑到儿童年龄、一般认知能力、种族和父母教育程度，这些结果仍然很稳健。这些发现突出了与养育环境相关的 2 个因素，即育儿和母亲的抑郁，它们导致了儿童关系绑定能力的个体差异，并强调了早期经验对情节记忆发展的重要性。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
