Benha University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soils and Water Department, Egypt; Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority EAEA, Inshas, Egypt.
Benha University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soils and Water Department, Egypt.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Nov 15;183:109529. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109529. Epub 2019 Aug 12.
Radioactive cesium (Cs) is more likely to be trans-located via rainfall into surrounding environments. Upon Cs-contaminated water reaching soil, Cs is retained on soil components, mainly organic matter and clay fraction. This study aims are i) comparing the relative ability of five arid soils, differing in their textural and chemical properties, to accumulate Cs when subjected to Cs-artificially contaminated rain droplets and ii) testing whether K fertilizer can decrease the uptake of Cs and its translocation within plants or not. A lab experiment was then conducted to simulate artificial rain droplets contaminated with 1000 becquerel (Bq) of Cs L precipitated on soil columns each of 10.5 cm inner diameter at a rate of 1.15 mL cm over a period of 2-months. At least 89% of Cs accumulated within the uppermost 5-cm layer of these soils. Another greenhouse experiment was set to test the hypothesis which indicates that Cs uptake increases unexpectedly by supplying plants with K-fertilizers. In this experiment, canola (Brassica napus L.) seeds were cultivated into three K-deficient soils (Typic Haplotorrent, Typic Haplocalcid, and Typic Torripsamment) which were contaminated with 100 mg Cs kg soil (stable-Cs was used instead of radioactive-Cs to designate its behavior on the long run). Canola plants were fertilized with 0, 80 and 120 mg KSO kg soil. Results carried on Typic Haplotorrent soil confirmed the aforementioned assumption as K-addition increased Cd-uptake up to 40.1%. Contradictory results were achieved in the other two soils where Cs-uptake decreased by 21.5 and 15.3% in Typic Haplocalcid and Typic Torripsamment soils, respectively due to the application of the aforementioned dose of K. In the K non-amended soils, Cs shoot-root translocation factor was >1; yet, it was <1 in response to K addition, regardless of its application rate.
放射性铯（Cs）更有可能通过降雨转移到周围环境中。当受污染的水到达土壤时，Cs 会被土壤成分保留下来，主要是有机质和粘土部分。本研究的目的是：i）比较五种干旱土壤在受到人工污染的雨滴作用时积累 Cs 的相对能力，这些土壤在质地和化学性质上存在差异；ii）测试 K 肥是否能减少植物对 Cs 的吸收及其在植物体内的迁移。然后进行了一项实验室实验，以模拟人工雨滴，这些雨滴含有 1000 贝克勒尔（Bq）的 Cs L，在两个月的时间内以 1.15 毫升/厘米的速率沉淀在直径为 10.5 厘米的土壤柱上。至少有 89%的 Cs 积累在这些土壤的最上层 5 厘米内。另一个温室实验是为了检验一个假说，即向植物提供 K 肥会导致 Cs 的吸收出人意料地增加。在这个实验中，油菜（Brassica napus L.）种子被种植在三种 K 缺乏的土壤中（典型的偶联质流土、典型的偶联弱育土和典型的粗质土），这些土壤中污染了 100mg Cs kg 土壤（使用稳定的 Cs 代替放射性 Cs 来表示其在长期内的行为）。油菜植株用 0、80 和 120mg KSO kg 土壤施肥。在典型的偶联质流土上进行的结果证实了上述假设，即添加 K 会使 Cd 的吸收增加高达 40.1%。在其他两种土壤中，结果则相反，在典型的偶联弱育土和典型的粗质土中，Cs 的吸收分别减少了 21.5%和 15.3%，这是由于施用了上述剂量的 K。在未添加 K 的土壤中，Cs 茎叶根转运系数>1；然而，在添加 K 后，无论其施用率如何，该系数都<1。
