Rüwald Julian M, Eymael Robin L, Upenieks Janis, Zhang Li, Jacobs Cornelius, Pflugmacher Robert, Schildberg Frank A
Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn.
Medical Faculty, University Hospital Essen.
Z Orthop Unfall. 2020 Oct;158(5):508-516. doi: 10.1055/a-0965-7760. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
Historically pediatric scoliosis represents a condition deeply rooted within the origins of orthopedic surgery. Today only a few subspecialized surgeons treat pediatric scoliosis patients. In severe cases surgery can hold progression of and correct pathologic spinal curvature. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of the current state of pediatric scoliosis management. It aims to increase the attention of general physicians and orthopedic surgeons to a niched but rather frequently encountered pediatric pathology to facilitate early recognition and diagnosis. A thorough research of literature was conducted to summarize the different scoliosis types, their etiology and presentation. Classification, normal human growth phases and curve progression risk have been further elaborated. Finally, current treatment options with their benefits, shortcomings and complications were laid out and discussed. Among the etiological groups a focus was put on idiopathic scoliosis, in particular adolescent idiopathic scoliosis as the most frequently encountered subtype.
从历史角度来看，小儿脊柱侧弯是一种深深扎根于整形外科起源的病症。如今，只有少数专科医生治疗小儿脊柱侧弯患者。在严重病例中，手术可以抑制病情进展并矫正病理性脊柱弯曲。本文的目的是概述小儿脊柱侧弯治疗的现状。它旨在提高普通内科医生和整形外科医生对这种虽小众但相当常见的小儿病症的关注，以促进早期识别和诊断。我们对文献进行了全面研究，以总结不同类型的脊柱侧弯、其病因和表现。还进一步阐述了分类、人类正常生长阶段以及曲线进展风险。最后，列出并讨论了当前的治疗选择及其益处、缺点和并发症。在病因分类中，重点关注特发性脊柱侧弯，尤其是青少年特发性脊柱侧弯，因为它是最常见的亚型。
