Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária 05508-900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil,
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2019 Sep 1;24(5):e562-e570. doi: 10.4317/medoral.22739.
To investigate the incidence of temporomandibular arthropathies diagnosed in a university center and to describe their histopathological characteristics.
Temporomandibular arthropathy cases with corresponding slides were selected from an oral and maxillofacial surgical pathology service. Cases of exclusively articular disc disease were not included.
The mean age was 31.3 years with a predominance of females (69.7%). Of these diagnoses, 53.6% were unilateral condylar hyperplasia, 17.8% were bony ankylosis, 14.3% were degenerative joint disease, 10.7% were osteochondroma, and 3.6% were synovial chondromatosis. Condylar hyperplasia presented as thick fibrocartilage and cartilage nests in the cancellous bone. Bony ankylosis exhibited lamellar bone and nests of chondrocytes. Degenerative joint disease presented as an irregular layer of fibrocartilage with areas of clustered chondrocytes and calcified cartilage. Osteochondroma of the condyle exhibited hyaline cartilage and areas of new bone formation. Synovial chondromatosis presented as immature cartilaginous tissue and randomly arranged chondrocytes.
The pathological alterations verified in these arthropathies involved diseases that were predominantly proliferative, i.e., unilateral condylar hyperplasia, osteochondroma and synovial chondromatosis of the tumor or pseudotumor type and bony ankylosis associated with callus formation of the reparative type, and less frequent degenerative changes for which the disease is so named.
研究大学中心诊断的颞下颌关节病的发病率，并描述其组织病理学特征。
从口腔颌面外科病理服务中选择有相应切片的颞下颌关节病病例。不包括仅关节盘疾病的病例。
平均年龄为 31.3 岁，女性居多（69.7%）。这些诊断中，53.6%为单侧髁突肥大，17.8%为骨性强直，14.3%为退行性关节病，10.7%为骨软骨瘤，3.6%为滑膜软骨瘤病。髁突肥大表现为松质骨中的厚纤维软骨和软骨巢。骨性强直表现为板层骨和软骨细胞巢。退行性关节病表现为纤维软骨不规则层，有簇状软骨细胞和钙化软骨区。髁突骨软骨瘤表现为透明软骨和新骨形成区。滑膜软骨瘤病表现为不成熟的软骨组织和排列不规则的软骨细胞。
这些关节病中证实的病理改变涉及以增生为主的疾病，即单侧髁突肥大、骨软骨瘤和滑膜软骨瘤病属于肿瘤或假瘤型，骨性强直与修复型骨痂形成相关，退行性变较少，这也是该病名称的由来。
