Krutsch Volker, Clement Annabelle, Heising Tobias, Achenbach Leonard, Zellner Johannes, Gesslein Markus, Weber-Spickschen Sanjay, Krutsch Werner
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Paracelsus Medical University Nuernberg, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419, Nuernberg, Germany.
Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2020 Apr;140(4):457-464. doi: 10.1007/s00402-019-03261-0. Epub 2019 Aug 17.
Amateur small-field football tournaments are rather common worldwide. Adequate preparation is essential for injury prevention. The consequences of insufficient injury preparation at this level are still unclear. This study investigates the factors influencing injuries in this football population.
In 2017, medical students participating in a national amateur football tournament were analysed in a prospective cohort study. Injury incidence, injury pattern and factors influencing injuries were investigated according to the statement on data collection and injury definition of Fuller et al. (Br J Sports Med 40:193-201, 2006). Preparation for the tournament was assessed for both sexes by means of hours of sleep, alcohol consumption, training level and warm-up performance.
II.
Of 694 amateur football players (423 men and 271 women) with a mean age of 23 years (SD 2.5), 321 (21.1%) injuries happened during the tournament. 60% of injuries affected the lower extremity. The most common types of traumatic injury were skin abrasions (40.0%) and muscle strains (23.3%). The injury incidence of male players during match exposure was 469 per 1000 h football and significantly higher than in female players 313 (p = 0.025). One potential reason for the higher injury rate of male players as measure for inadequate preparation was significantly higher alcohol consumption the evening before the tournament (p < 0.001) and the after-effects on match day (p < 0.001). Additionally, male players reported less and inadequate sleep the night before the tournament (p < 0.007) and a lower warm-up rate before the matches compared to female players (p < 0.001).
Small-field tournaments in football have a high injury incidence. Male players have a higher injury incidence than female players and show additionally a lack of sleep and alcohol consumption the night before the tournament and poor warm-up performance on match day. Adequate preparation for a football tournament is the key factor for preventing injuries, also in recreational football.
业余小型足球比赛在全球颇为常见。充分准备对于预防损伤至关重要。在此层面上，损伤准备不足的后果仍不明确。本研究调查了影响该足球人群损伤的因素。
2017年，在一项前瞻性队列研究中对参加全国业余足球比赛的医学生进行了分析。根据富勒等人（《英国运动医学杂志》40:193 - 201，2006年）关于数据收集和损伤定义的声明，调查了损伤发生率、损伤模式及影响损伤的因素。通过睡眠时间、饮酒量、训练水平和热身表现对男女两性的比赛准备情况进行了评估。
二级。
在694名平均年龄为23岁（标准差2.5）的业余足球运动员（423名男性和271名女性）中，比赛期间发生了321起（21.1%）损伤。60%的损伤累及下肢。创伤性损伤最常见的类型是皮肤擦伤（40.0%）和肌肉拉伤（23.3%）。男性球员在比赛暴露期间的损伤发生率为每1000小时足球运动469起，显著高于女性球员的313起（p = 0.025）。作为准备不足衡量指标的男性球员损伤率较高的一个潜在原因是比赛前一晚饮酒量显著更高（p < 0.001）以及比赛日的后续影响（p < 0.001）。此外，男性球员报告比赛前一晚睡眠较少且质量不佳（p < 0.007），与女性球员相比，比赛前的热身率较低（p < 0.001）。
足球小型比赛损伤发生率较高。男性球员的损伤发生率高于女性球员，且在比赛前一晚还存在睡眠不足和饮酒的情况，比赛日热身表现不佳。足球比赛的充分准备是预防损伤的关键因素，在业余足球中亦是如此。
