Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Wisconsin Atherosclerosis Imaging Research Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Vasc Med. 2019 Dec;24(6):493-500. doi: 10.1177/1358863X19867762. Epub 2019 Aug 17.
Carotid artery grayscale ultrasound echogenicity and texture features predict cardiovascular disease events. We evaluated the longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on four grayscale ultrasound measures. This was a secondary analysis of data from 188 age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-matched smokers (94 eventual abstainers [EA], 94 continued smokers [CS]) from a smoking cessation trial that had carotid ultrasound examinations at baseline and after 3 years. General linear models that included time, smoking group (EA or CS), and a timesmoking interaction term were used to examine the impact of smoking abstinence on carotid artery grayscale marker values at year 3. Participants were mean (SD) 50.3 (11.4) years old (57% female, 86% white). The baseline grayscale median value (GSM) was inversely correlated with age, BMI, insulin resistance, and smoking pack-years ( = -0.20 to -0.30, < 0.007 for all). There was a significant timesmoking status interaction for predicting GSM at year 3: GSM decreased significantly in the EA group compared to the CS group (-3.63 [13.00] vs CS 0.39 [12.06] units; = 0.029). BMI increased more in the EA than the CS group (2.42 [3.00] vs CS 0.35 [2.57] kg/m; < 0.001). After adjusting for changes in BMI, the time*smoking status interaction no longer was significant ( = 0.138). From baseline to year 3, contrast increased similarly in both groups. Entropy and angular second moment did not change significantly in either group. Changes in carotid ultrasound echogenicity and grayscale texture features during a smoking cessation attempt are modest and mostly related to weight gain. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01553084.
颈动脉灰阶超声回声强度和纹理特征可预测心血管疾病事件。我们评估了戒烟对四项灰阶超声测量值的纵向影响。这是一项戒烟试验数据的二次分析，该试验纳入了 188 名年龄、性别和体重指数（BMI）匹配的吸烟者（94 名最终戒烟者[EA]，94 名持续吸烟者[CS]），这些吸烟者在基线和 3 年后进行了颈动脉超声检查。采用包含时间、吸烟组（EA 或 CS）和时间吸烟交互项的广义线性模型，检验戒烟对第 3 年颈动脉灰阶标记值的影响。参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为 50.3（11.4）岁（57%为女性，86%为白人）。基线灰阶中位数（GSM）与年龄、BMI、胰岛素抵抗和吸烟包年数呈负相关（=-0.20 至-0.30，所有均<0.007）。GSM 预测在第 3 年时出现显著的时间吸烟状态交互作用：与 CS 组相比，EA 组的 GSM 显著下降（-3.63[13.00]比 CS 组的 0.39[12.06]单位；=0.029）。与 CS 组相比，EA 组 BMI 增加更多（2.42[3.00]比 CS 组的 0.35[2.57]kg/m；<0.001）。在调整 BMI 变化后，时间*吸烟状态交互作用不再显著（=0.138）。从基线到第 3 年，两组的对比均增加。在两组中，熵和角二阶矩均未发生显著变化。戒烟期间颈动脉超声回声强度和灰阶纹理特征的变化幅度较小，主要与体重增加有关。Clinicaltrials.gov 标识符：NCT01553084。
