避免错过 HIV 筛查的机会。

Avoiding missed opportunities to screen for HIV.

机构信息

Ontario HIV Treatment Network Research Chair in Public Health and HIV Prevention, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2020 May;32(5):408-414. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000274.

DOI:10.1097/JXX.0000000000000274

PMID:31425375

Abstract

HIV transmission is ongoing, primarily among men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and persons from HIV endemic regions. One prevention strategy has been prompt HIV diagnosis. Undermining these efforts is that some persons are diagnosed with HIV late in their infection because practitioners missed the diagnosis. In this article, the authors review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of HIV/AIDS, and provide a recommended clinical approach: (1) continue to screen persons who belong to the groups that are at-risk for HIV, and (2) appropriately rule out HIV infection in persons who present with HIV and AIDS-like symptoms.

摘要

HIV 传播仍在继续，主要发生在男男性行为者、注射吸毒者和来自 HIV 流行地区的人群中。预防策略之一是及时进行 HIV 诊断。但有些患者在感染后期才被诊断出 HIV，这削弱了这些努力，因为医生错过了诊断。在本文中，作者回顾了 HIV/AIDS 的流行病学和病理生理学，并提供了推荐的临床方法：（1）继续对属于 HIV 高危人群的人进行筛查，（2）对出现 HIV 和艾滋病样症状的人，适当地排除 HIV 感染。