Ganji Niloofar, Li Bo, Lee Carol, Filler Rachel, Pierro Agostino
Translational Medicine Program, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, SickKids Learning Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2019 Aug;29(4):352-360. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1693994. Epub 2019 Aug 19.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease that continues to have high morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates, despite medical advancements in neonatology and neonatal care. To investigate the pathogenesis of the disease and explore novel form of treatment, a variety of experimental models of NEC have been developed and used by various investigators. These experimental models range from in vitro evaluation of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal organoids to in vivo models of the disease in neonatal mice, rats, and piglets. Most recently, human-derived intestinal organoids have also been developed and investigated. In this review, we will briefly discuss these experimental models and the contributions that they have made to our understanding of NEC. We will also point to the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model of intestinal injury which has been used as an indirect model of NEC by some investigators. Advancements in laboratory research into this devastating disease have continued to expand our knowledge on the pathogenesis and prevention of NEC as well as the effectiveness of therapeutic options for management of this severe disease.
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种严重的肠道疾病，尽管新生儿学和新生儿护理在医学上取得了进步，但在早产儿中仍具有很高的发病率和死亡率。为了研究该疾病的发病机制并探索新的治疗方法，各种研究人员开发并使用了多种NEC实验模型。这些实验模型范围从肠道上皮细胞和肠道类器官的体外评估到新生小鼠、大鼠和仔猪的疾病体内模型。最近，也已开发并研究了源自人类的肠道类器官。在这篇综述中，我们将简要讨论这些实验模型以及它们对我们理解NEC所做的贡献。我们还将指出肠道损伤的缺血/再灌注（I/R）模型，一些研究人员已将其用作NEC的间接模型。对这种毁灭性疾病的实验室研究进展不断扩展我们对NEC发病机制和预防的认识，以及对这种严重疾病管理的治疗选择的有效性。
