Zhuang Mingna V, Russell Anthony P, Higham Timothy E
Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Morphol. 2019 Oct;280(10):1582-1599. doi: 10.1002/jmor.21051. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
Among geckos, the acquisition of the adhesive system is associated with several morphological changes of the feet that are involved in the operation of the adhesive apparatus. However, analyses using a comparative framework are lacking. We applied traditional morphometrics and geometric morphometric analysis with phylogenetic comparative methods to morphological data, collected from X-ray scans, to examine patterns of morphological evolution of the pes in association with the gain and loss of adhesive capabilities, and with habitat occupancy among 102 species of gecko. Padbearing gecko lineages tend to have shorter digits and greater inter-digital angles than padless ones. Arboreal and saxicolous species have shorter digits than terrestrial species. Our results suggest repeated shifts that converge upon a similar padbearing morphology, with some modifications being associated with the habitat occupied. We demonstrate that functional innovation and habitat can operate on, and influence, different components of foot morphology.
在壁虎中，粘附系统的获得与足部的几种形态变化有关，这些变化参与了粘附器官的运作。然而，缺乏使用比较框架的分析。我们将传统形态测量学和几何形态测量分析与系统发育比较方法应用于从X射线扫描收集的形态学数据，以研究与粘附能力的获得和丧失以及102种壁虎的栖息地占据情况相关的足部形态进化模式。有脚垫的壁虎谱系往往比没有脚垫的谱系有更短的趾头和更大的趾间角度。树栖和岩生种类的趾头比陆栖种类的短。我们的结果表明，反复出现的变化趋向于形成相似的有脚垫形态，并且一些变化与所占据的栖息地有关。我们证明功能创新和栖息地可以作用于并影响足部形态的不同组成部分。
