Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Cornea. 2019 Dec;38(12):1602-1609. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002122.
This study seeks to review published research on the global epidemiology of corneal blindness, with a specific focus on the available published estimates of incidence, prevalence, and trends in incidence or prevalence, as well as the contribution of corneal causes to overall burden of blindness.
A scoping review was conducted of the published literature on the global epidemiology of corneal blindness, with emphasis on prevalence and incidence studies. Four databases were searched using both epidemiological and corneal blindness keywords. This review was limited to studies with a primary aim of determining the incidence, prevalence, or trends in corneal blindness or the percentage of blindness due to corneal causes. Only conditions considered to signify current blindness were included, not diseases that eventually could lead to blindness if left untreated.
A total of 185 articles met the selection criteria. Of these, 145 articles investigated all-cause blindness prevalence. Only 10 articles specifically aimed to determine estimates of corneal blindness prevalence, 7 articles provided results for all-cause blindness incidence, and no studies focused on obtaining corneal blindness incidence. Data on corneal blindness were most often present in studies investigating all-cause blindness and in trachoma studies.
The results demonstrate the somewhat inconsistent and fragmented information regarding corneal causes of vision loss. A significant outcome of this research is the demonstration of a need for further research into global corneal blindness and the necessary steps to address the problem.
本研究旨在综述角膜盲的全球流行病学研究，重点关注已发表的关于发病率、患病率以及发病率或患病率趋势的估计值，以及角膜病因对总体盲病负担的贡献。
对角膜盲全球流行病学的已发表文献进行了范围界定式综述，重点关注患病率和发病率研究。使用流行病学和角膜盲关键词对四个数据库进行了搜索。本综述仅限于旨在确定角膜盲的发病率、患病率或趋势或因角膜原因导致的失明百分比的研究。仅包括被认为代表当前失明的病症，不包括如果不治疗最终可能导致失明的疾病。
共有 185 篇文章符合选择标准。其中，145 篇文章调查了所有原因失明的患病率。只有 10 篇文章专门旨在确定角膜盲患病率的估计值，7 篇文章提供了所有原因失明的发病率结果，没有研究专门关注获得角膜盲的发病率。在调查所有原因失明的研究和沙眼研究中，角膜盲的数据最为常见。
研究结果表明，有关角膜致盲原因的信息有些不一致和零散。这项研究的一个重要结果是表明需要进一步研究全球角膜盲以及解决该问题的必要步骤。
