Alhawsawi Zakaria M, Alshenqeti Amna M, Alqarafi Amal M, Alhussayen Leema K, Turkistani Waheed A
Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA.
College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2019 Apr 2;14(2):187-192. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.02.007. eCollection 2019 Apr.
Sickle cell disease is one of the most common inherited hemoglobinopathies in the world. Chronic haemolysis predisposes individuals to the development of bilirubinate cholelithiasis, which can be asymptomatic or can result in cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and gallstone pancreatitis. We aimed to determine the prevalence of cholelithiasis and associated gallstone disease among patients with paediatric sickle cell disease in a Saudi hospital.
This retrospective study was conducted among all patients aged between 2 and 18 years. We reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with sickle cell anaemia. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative variables, and the Student t-test was used to compare means. The chi-square test was used to assess those risk factors possibly associated with cholelithiasis. A P-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Approximately 75% of participants developed cholelithiasis (27.5%) at a mean age of 6.9 ± 3.4 years. The frequency of cholelithiasis was significantly higher with increasing age (40.8% in participants 12 years and older) and among those with high levels of haemoglobin S (Hb S) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Moreover, cholelithiasis was more frequent among males than females, Saudis than non-Saudis, and in those with sickle cell disease than in those with sickle thalassemia. However, these differences were not statistically significant.
In this study, the prevalence of cholelithiasis among children with sickle cell anaemia was found to be high. This association was significantly increased with age and high levels of MCV and Hb S.
镰状细胞病是世界上最常见的遗传性血红蛋白病之一。慢性溶血使个体易患胆红素性胆石症，其可能无症状，也可能导致胆囊炎、胆总管结石、胆管炎和胆石性胰腺炎。我们旨在确定沙特一家医院儿科镰状细胞病患者中胆石症及相关胆石疾病的患病率。
本回顾性研究在所有年龄介于2至18岁的患者中进行。我们查阅了被诊断为镰状细胞贫血患者的病历。计算定量变量的均值和标准差，并使用学生t检验比较均值。卡方检验用于评估那些可能与胆石症相关的危险因素。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
约75%的参与者在平均年龄6.9±3.4岁时患上胆石症（27.5%）。胆石症的发生率随年龄增长（12岁及以上参与者中为40.8%）以及血红蛋白S（Hb S）和平均红细胞体积（MCV）水平升高而显著更高。此外，男性比女性、沙特人比非沙特人、镰状细胞病患者比镰状细胞贫血患者患胆石症更为频繁。然而，这些差异无统计学意义。
在本研究中，发现镰状细胞贫血患儿中胆石症的患病率很高。这种关联随年龄以及MCV和Hb S水平升高而显著增加。
