卡塔尔5至12岁哮喘儿童的初级卫生保健服务流行病学与利用情况：2016 - 2017年二次数据分析
Epidemiology and utilization of primary health care services in Qatar by asthmatic children 5-12 years old: secondary data analysis 2016-2017.
作者信息
Veettil Shajitha Thekke, Alnuaimi Ahmed Sameer AbdulHameed
机构信息
1Clinical Research Department, Primary Health Care Corporation, Head Quarters Tower 1, 8th Floor, PO Box: 26555, Doha, Qatar.
Directorate of Clinical Affairs, Al Salata, Al Meena Street, Doha, Qatar.
出版信息
Asthma Res Pract. 2019 Aug 20;5:3. doi: 10.1186/s40733-019-0050-4. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Childhood asthma is a growing clinical problem and a burden on the health care system due to repetitive visits to children's emergency departments and frequent hospital admissions where it is poorly controlled. Due to lack of reliable baseline information on its prevalence among children in Qatar and the extent of their utilization of primary health care services, we sought to analyse electronic medical records data for children aged 5-12 years.
OBJECTIVES
Our primary objective was to establish point prevalence over the period 2016-2017. Furthermore, we wanted to assess the frequency and pattern of use of the primary care services including any demographic and seasonal variations, the types of clinical encounter and treatment received.
METHODS
A cross sectional study on 54,704 clinical encounters of electronic health records for children aged 5 to 12 years in which a diagnosis of Asthma was tagged during a two years period.
RESULTS
The prevalence rate of Asthma out of total registered clients in the specified pediatric age group (196,557) is 6.1%. The rate was highest (10.2%) in youngest age group (5-6 years old) and lowest (4.1%) in teenagers (10-12 years old). An obvious peak of clinical encounters of Asthma cases was observed in Oct and Nov. The work load in PHCC clinics for Asthma clinical encounters is increased by more than 50% compared to the average monthly count of 4556.Moreover, the rate was higher in males (7.6%) compared to females (4.6%). The most frequently prescribed medication group was antihistamine (57.8%) followed by adrenergic bronchodilators (33.9%).
CONCLUSIONS
Asthma constitutes an important part (8.5%) of the total primary care clinic work load among children aged 5-12 years in Qatar. A guideline need to encourage physician to use preventive Asthma strategies including steroid medications to provide continuity of care for Asthma cases.
背景
儿童哮喘是一个日益严重的临床问题，由于反复前往儿童急诊科就诊以及频繁住院且病情控制不佳，给医疗保健系统带来了负担。由于缺乏卡塔尔儿童哮喘患病率及其对初级卫生保健服务利用程度的可靠基线信息，我们试图分析5至12岁儿童的电子病历数据。
目的
我们的主要目标是确定2016 - 2017年期间的时点患病率。此外，我们想评估初级保健服务的使用频率和模式，包括任何人口统计学和季节性变化、临床就诊类型以及接受的治疗。
方法
对5至12岁儿童的54,704次电子健康记录临床就诊进行横断面研究，在两年期间内标记有哮喘诊断。
结果
在指定儿科年龄组（196,557名）的总登记客户中，哮喘患病率为6.1%。该患病率在最年幼年龄组（5 - 6岁）最高（10.2%），在青少年（10 - 12岁）中最低（4.1%）。在10月和11月观察到哮喘病例临床就诊的明显高峰。与平均每月4556次相比，初级卫生保健中心诊所哮喘临床就诊的工作量增加了50%以上。此外，男性患病率（7.6%）高于女性（4.6%）。最常开具的药物类别是抗组胺药（57.8%），其次是肾上腺素能支气管扩张剂（33.9%）。
结论
哮喘占卡塔尔5至12岁儿童初级保健诊所总工作量的重要部分（8.5%）。需要制定指南，鼓励医生采用包括类固醇药物在内的哮喘预防策略，为哮喘病例提供连续护理。
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