School of Health, Sport and Human Performance, University of Waikato Adams Center for High Performance, Mount Maunganui, New Zealand.
New Zealand Rugby, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Dec;33(12):3463-3474. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003339.
Sella, FS, McMaster, DT, Beaven, CM, Gill, ND, and Hébert-Losier, K. Match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3463-3474, 2019-Since the inclusion of rugby sevens in the 2016 Olympic Games, the popularity of women's rugby sevens has grown rapidly worldwide. This systematic review aimed to summarize the scientific literature addressing the match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes and to highlight differences between competition levels and playing positions. Four electronic databases were searched, as were the reference lists and key journals. Hedges' g effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate differences between elite and nonelite athletes, and backs and forwards. Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria and scored 68 ± 13% upon quality assessment. Comparisons between groups were restricted to variables where data were available. Greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints and accelerations, but lower physiological responses characterized international matches compared with nationals. At international level, backs demonstrated greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints, and physiological responses than forwards. Elite athletes were leaner, taller, and displayed superior physical qualities (e.g., maximal speed, power, upper-body strength, and aerobic capacity) compared with nonelite athletes. At elite level, forwards were heavier and displayed greater upper-body strength, whereas backs showed greater acceleration and maximal speed abilities. The specific match demands and physical requirements of female rugby sevens athletes competing at different playing levels and playing positions must be considered for developing effective training programs.
鞍区，FS，麦克马斯特，DT，比文，CM，吉尔，ND，和赫伯特-洛西尔，K. 匹配需求，人体测量特征和女性七人制橄榄球运动员的身体素质：系统评价。J 力量与调节研究 33(12)：3463-3474，2019 年-自从 2016 年奥运会将七人制橄榄球纳入比赛项目以来，女子七人制橄榄球在全球范围内的受欢迎程度迅速提高。本系统评价旨在总结科学文献，探讨女性七人制橄榄球运动员的比赛需求、人体测量特征和身体素质，并强调比赛水平和场上位置之间的差异。四个电子数据库进行了搜索，以及参考文献列表和主要期刊。用 95%置信区间计算了 Hedges'g 效应大小，以评估精英运动员和非精英运动员以及后卫和前锋之间的差异。27 项研究符合纳入标准，质量评估得分为 68 ± 13%。仅在有数据的变量之间进行组间比较。与国内比赛相比，国际比赛的跑动需求和强度更大，冲刺和加速次数更多，但生理反应更低。在国际水平上，后卫的跑动需求和强度、冲刺次数和生理反应都大于前锋。与非精英运动员相比，精英运动员更瘦、更高，身体素质更优（例如最大速度、力量、上肢力量和有氧能力）。在精英水平上，前锋更重，上肢力量更大，而后卫的加速和最大速度能力更强。必须考虑不同比赛水平和场上位置的女性七人制橄榄球运动员的特定比赛需求和身体素质要求，以制定有效的训练计划。
