Rampal P, Hébuterne X, Roustan F, Lundy P
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Hôpital de Cimiez, Nice.
Ann Gastroenterol Hepatol (Paris). 1988 Nov;24(6):297-300.
Enteral nutrition is a safe technique but complications may arise. Mechanical problems can occur as a result of tube malposition: regurgitation can induce respiratory distress. Esophagitis is rare and does not seem to be related to acid gastro-oesophageal reflux. Diarrhea, the main gastro-intestinal side effect, has a complex etiology; management requires knowledge of gastro-intestinal physiology during enteral nutrition. Many of the problems encountered with enteral feeding can be avoided by using a fine bore tube, administering the feed by continuous infusion, and careful monitoring of patients for metabolic abnormalities.
肠内营养是一种安全的技术，但可能会出现并发症。由于管道位置不当可能会出现机械性问题：反流可诱发呼吸窘迫。食管炎很少见，似乎与酸性胃食管反流无关。腹泻是主要的胃肠道副作用，其病因复杂；处理需要了解肠内营养期间的胃肠生理学知识。通过使用细孔导管、持续输注营养液以及仔细监测患者的代谢异常情况，许多肠内喂养中遇到的问题是可以避免的。
