Ferré Perrine, Benhajali Yassine, Steffener Jason, Stern Yaakov, Joanette Yves, Bellec Pierre
Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Road, Montréal, Qc, H3W 1W3, CANADA.
PERFORM Center, Concordia University.
Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2019;34(8):949-972. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2019.1608072. Epub 2019 May 10.
Most of the current knowledge about age-related differences in brain neurofunctional organization stems from neuroimaging studies using either a "resting state" paradigm, or cognitive tasks for which performance decreases with age. However, it remains to be known if comparable age-related differences are found when participants engage in cognitive activities for which performance is maintained with age, such as vocabulary knowledge tasks. A functional connectivity analysis was performed on 286 adults ranging from 18 to 80 years old, based either on a resting state paradigm or when engaged in vocabulary tasks. Notable increases in connectivity of regions of the language network were observed during task completion. Conversely, only age-related decreases were observed across the whole connectome during resting-state. While vocabulary accuracy increased with age, no interaction was found between functional connectivity, age and task accuracy or proxies of cognitive reserve, suggesting that older individuals typically benefits from semantic knowledge accumulated throughout one's life trajectory, without the need for compensatory mechanisms.
目前关于大脑神经功能组织中与年龄相关差异的大部分知识，源于使用“静息状态”范式或随着年龄增长表现会下降的认知任务的神经影像学研究。然而，当参与者从事随着年龄增长表现保持稳定的认知活动（如词汇知识任务）时，是否会发现类似的与年龄相关的差异，仍有待确定。基于静息状态范式或在进行词汇任务时，对286名年龄在18岁至80岁之间的成年人进行了功能连接分析。在任务完成过程中，观察到语言网络区域的连接性显著增加。相反，在静息状态下，整个脑连接组中仅观察到与年龄相关的连接性下降。虽然词汇准确性随着年龄增长而提高，但在功能连接性、年龄与任务准确性或认知储备指标之间未发现相互作用，这表明老年人通常受益于一生轨迹中积累的语义知识，而无需补偿机制。
