Özün Savaş, Ergen Gülşah
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0114, United States.
Department of Mining Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta 32260, Turkey.
ACS Omega. 2019 Jan 17;4(1):1516-1524. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02841. eCollection 2019 Jan 31.
The structure of the xanthates' hydrocarbon (C-H) chain is one of the major factors which affect flotation recovery. The effectiveness and the collecting power of xanthates increase with increasing chain length and vary depending on the chain structure: branched and straight chains. In this regard, the influences of length (2-5 carbon) and structure (straight: normal and branched: iso) of xanthate's hydrocarbon chain on flotation recovery of galena were investigated under different experimental conditions: xanthate concentration, conditioning time, air flow rate (AFR), and air bubble size. Because of the steric effects of the chain structure, the branched chain xanthates gave lower flotation recoveries with shorter conditioning times compared to those with straight chain xanthates. Over-conditioning with straight chain xanthates resulted in hydrophobic aggregation of galena particles which resulted in the detachment of galena particles from air bubbles due to increasing weight, leading to lower flotation recoveries. In the case of flotation with different AFRs, the flotation recoveries increased with increasing AFR to 7 lph and further increase in AFR (10 lph) negatively affected the flotation recoveries when particles had insufficient hydrophobic surfaces. The maximum flotation recoveries were obtained with the addition of MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol) as a frother; the size of the air bubbles deceased with increasing MIBC concentration which increased higher encounter/collision probability of air bubbles with galena particles, resulting in higher flotation recoveries.
黄药烃基（C-H）链的结构是影响浮选回收率的主要因素之一。黄药的有效性和捕收能力随着链长的增加而提高，并因链结构的不同而有所变化：支链和直链。在这方面，研究了黄药烃链的长度（2-5个碳）和结构（直链：正构和支链：异构）在不同实验条件下（黄药浓度、调浆时间、空气流速（AFR）和气泡尺寸）对方铅矿浮选回收率的影响。由于链结构的空间效应，与直链黄药相比，支链黄药在较短调浆时间下的浮选回收率较低。直链黄药过度调浆会导致方铅矿颗粒疏水团聚，由于重量增加导致方铅矿颗粒从气泡上脱落，从而导致浮选回收率降低。在不同空气流速的浮选情况下，当颗粒疏水表面不足时，浮选回收率随着空气流速增加到7 lph而提高，空气流速进一步增加（10 lph）则对浮选回收率产生负面影响。添加甲基异丁基甲醇（MIBC）作为起泡剂可获得最大浮选回收率；气泡尺寸随着MIBC浓度的增加而减小，这增加了气泡与方铅矿颗粒的碰撞概率，从而提高了浮选回收率。
