Fluorescent Tau-derived Peptide for Monitoring Microtubules in Living Cells.

Microtubules (MTs) are key cytoskeletal components that modulate various cellular activities with their dynamic structural changes, including polymerization and depolymerization. To monitor the dynamics of MTs in living cells, many drug-based fluorescent probes have been developed; however, these also potentially disturb the polymerization/depolymerization of MTs. Here, we report nondrug, peptide-based fluorescent probes to monitor MTs in living cells. We employed a Tau-derived peptide () that has been shown to bind MTs without inhibiting polymerization/depolymerization in vitro. We show that a tetramethylrhodamine (TMR)-labeled () is internalized into HepG2 cells and binds to intracellular MTs, enabling visualization of MTs as clear, fibrous structures. The binding of shows no apparent effects on polymerization/depolymerization of MTs induced by MT-targeted drugs and temperature change. The main uptake mechanism of was elucidated as endocytosis, and partial endosomal escape resulted in the binding of to MTs. exhibited no cytotoxicity compared with MT-targeted drug scaffolds. These results indicate that scaffolds can be exploited as useful MT-targeted tools in living cells, such as in long-term imaging of MTs.