The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Animal Disease of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuang Agricultural University, Chengdu Sichuang, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Aug 30;14(8):e0221815. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221815. eCollection 2019.
Although many studies have confirmed that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs: PBD-mI and LUC-n) can be used as feed additives, there are few reports of their use in ruminants. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of AMPs on ameliorating rumen fermentation function and rumen microorganisms in goats. Eighteen 4-month-old Chuanzhong black goats were used in a 60-day experiment (6 goats per group). Group I was used as the control and was fed a basal diet, the group II were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 g of AMPs [per goat/day] and group III were fed the basal diet supplemented 3 g of AMPs [per goat/day], respectively. Rumen fluid samples were collected at 0, 20 and 60 days. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes and ciliate protozoal 18S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR from DNA extracted from rumen samples. The amplicons were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq. Rumen fermentation parameters and digestive enzyme activities were also examined. Our results showed that dietary supplementation with AMPs increased the levels of the bacterial genera Fibrobacter, Anaerovibrio and Succiniclasticum and also increased the ciliates genus Ophryoscolex, but reduced the levels of the bacterial genera Selenomonas, Succinivibrio and Treponema, and the ciliate genera Polyplastron, Entodinium, Enoploplastron and Isotricha. Supplementation with AMPs increased the activities of xylanase, pectinase and lipase in the rumen, and also increased the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids. These changes were associated with improved growth performance in the goats. The results revealed that the goats fed AMPs showed improved rumen microbiota structures, altered ruminal fermentation, and improved efficiency regarding the utilization of feed; thereby indicating that AMPs can improve growth performance. AMPs are therefore suitable as feed additives in juvenile goats.
尽管许多研究已经证实抗菌肽（AMPs：PBD-mI 和 LUC-n）可用作饲料添加剂，但在反刍动物中使用它们的报道很少。本研究旨在探讨 AMPs 对改善山羊瘤胃发酵功能和瘤胃微生物的影响。18 只 4 月龄川中黑山羊进行了 60 天的试验（每组 6 只）。第 I 组为对照组，饲喂基础日粮，第 II 组饲喂基础日粮+2g AMPs[每只羊/天]，第 III 组饲喂基础日粮+3g AMPs[每只羊/天]。分别于 0、20 和 60 天采集瘤胃液样品。从瘤胃液样品中提取的 DNA 通过 PCR 扩增细菌 16S rRNA 基因和纤毛虫 18S rRNA 基因。扩增子通过 Illumina MiSeq 测序。还检查了瘤胃发酵参数和消化酶活性。结果表明，日粮中添加 AMPs 增加了细菌属 Fibrobacter、Anaerovibrio 和 Succiniclasticum 的水平，也增加了纤毛虫属 Ophryoscolex 的水平，但降低了细菌属 Selenomonas、Succinivibrio 和 Treponema 的水平，以及纤毛虫属 Polyplastron、Entodinium、Enoploplastron 和 Isotricha 的水平。添加 AMPs 增加了木聚糖酶、果胶酶和脂肪酶在瘤胃中的活性，也增加了乙酸、丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸的浓度。这些变化与山羊生长性能的提高有关。结果表明，饲喂 AMPs 的山羊瘤胃微生物结构得到改善，瘤胃发酵发生改变，对饲料的利用效率提高；表明 AMPs 可以提高生长性能。因此，AMP 适合作为幼龄山羊的饲料添加剂。
