State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2019 Nov;85:200-207. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.06.013. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
The exposure to plastic debris and associated pollutants for wildlife is of urgent concern, but little attention has been paid on the transfer of plastic additives from plastic debris to organisms. In the present study, the leaching of incorporated flame retardants (FRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), alternative brominated FRs (AFRs), and phosphate flame retardants (PFRs), from different sizes of recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer were investigated in avian digestive fluids. The impact of co-ingested sediment on the leaching of additive-derived FRs in digestive fluids was also explored. In the recycled ABS, BDE 209 (715 μg/g) and 1, 2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE, 1766 μg/g) had the highest concentrations among all target FRs. The leaching proportions of FRs were higher in finer sizes of ABS. The leaching proportions of FRs from recycled ABS increased with elevated logK of FRs. In the tests with coexisted ABS and sediment, hexa- to deca-BDEs, BTBPE, and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) migrated from ABS to sediment, which resulted in the less bioaccessible fractions of these FRs in gut fluids. More lipophilic chemicals tended to be adsorbed by sediment from ABS. The results suggest the migration of additive-derived FRs from plastics to other indigestible materials in digestive fluids. The findings in this study provide insights into the transfer of additive-derived FRs from plastics to birds, and indicate the significant contribution of FR-incorporated plastics to bioaccumulation of highly lipophilic FRs.
野生动物接触塑料碎片和相关污染物的问题迫在眉睫，但人们对塑料添加剂从塑料碎片转移到生物体的问题关注甚少。在本研究中，研究了不同粒径的再生丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）聚合物中阻燃剂（FRs）的浸出情况，包括多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）、替代溴化 FRs（AFRs）和磷酸酯 FRs。还探讨了共摄入沉积物对 FRs 在消化液中浸出的影响。在再生 ABS 中，BDE-209（715μg/g）和 1,2-双（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）乙烷（BTBPE，1766μg/g）是所有目标 FRs 中浓度最高的。FRs 的浸出比例在更细的 ABS 粒径中更高。FRs 从再生 ABS 中的浸出比例随着 FRs 的 logK 值升高而增加。在共存 ABS 和沉积物的测试中，六溴至十溴代联苯醚、BTBPE 和十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）从 ABS 迁移到沉积物中，导致肠道液中这些 FRs 的生物可利用部分减少。更亲脂性的化学物质往往会从 ABS 中被沉积物吸附。研究结果表明，添加剂衍生的 FRs 从塑料向消化液中不可消化物质的迁移。本研究结果为了解添加剂衍生 FRs 从塑料向鸟类的迁移提供了线索，并表明含 FRs 的塑料对高度亲脂性 FRs 的生物积累有重要贡献。
