Griffith University, Environment Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, 4222, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Nov 1;249:109413. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109413. Epub 2019 Aug 28.
For most protected areas visitor data is limited, even for popular activities such as mountain biking, walking and running. With the exponential increase in volunteered geographic information, it is now possible to assess visitation to parks by people using social media. The number of routes posted to MapMyFitness, Strava and Wikiloc were used to assess the relative popularity of 40 national parks in South East Queensland, Australia for mountain biking, walking and running. Then, using generalised linear models, the topographic, geographic, management and environmental variables that best predicted park popularity among users were identified. There were more than 450,000 visits to the parks, with 98% of routes posted on Strava. Distance (road and direct distance) from large urban areas best predicted visitation using routes from MapMyFitness and Strava with three parks within 2 km of urban areas experiencing over 70,000 visits (Strava). For urban parks, recreational trail length best predicted usage, while for more remote parks, the direct distance to urban areas remained the most important factor. In contrast, people using the adventure platform Wikiloc preferred more remote parks with rugged terrain. The results highlight factors affecting park popularity including distance. With the expansion and densification of cities, including in Australia, urban and peri-urban parks are likely to experience increasing levels of use for fitness-based activities while more remote parks may remain attractive among people focused on adventure.
对于大多数保护区来说，游客数据是有限的，即使是像山地自行车、步行和跑步这样的热门活动也是如此。随着志愿地理信息的指数级增长，现在可以通过社交媒体来评估人们对公园的访问量。使用 MapMyFitness、Strava 和 Wikiloc 发布的路线数量来评估澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部 40 个国家公园在山地自行车、步行和跑步方面的相对受欢迎程度。然后，使用广义线性模型，确定了在用户中最能预测公园受欢迎程度的地形、地理、管理和环境变量。这些公园的访问量超过 45 万次，其中 98%的路线是在 Strava 上发布的。距离（公路和直线距离）离大城市越远，使用 MapMyFitness 和 Strava 上的路线预测访问量就越好，有三个公园距离城市中心不到 2 公里，接待了超过 7 万次的访问（Strava）。对于城市公园来说，休闲步道的长度最能预测使用率，而对于更偏远的公园来说，到城市中心的直线距离仍然是最重要的因素。相比之下，使用冒险平台 Wikiloc 的人更喜欢更偏远、地形崎岖的公园。这些结果突出了影响公园受欢迎程度的因素，包括距离。随着城市的扩张和人口密度的增加，包括在澳大利亚，城市和城市周边公园可能会因健身活动而越来越受欢迎，而对于那些专注于冒险的人来说，更偏远的公园可能仍然具有吸引力。
