Self-perceived impact of stroke: A longitudinal comparison between one and five years post-stroke.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate different aspects of self-perceived impact of stroke 1 and 5 years after stroke onset, with a focus on self-perceived participation.

DESIGN

Longitudinal cohort study.

PARTICIPANTS

Forty-five persons diagnosed with first-time stroke included in the Stroke Arm Longitudinal study at University of Gothenburg (SALGOT).

METHODS

Participants responded to the Stroke Impact Scale, the Impact on Participation and Autonomy and the European Quality of Life 5 dimensions at 1 year and 5 years post-stroke. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to check for differences in changes over time between groups.

RESULTS

In general, the perceived consequences of stroke were more severe after 5 years compared with at 1 year. Strength, emotion and participation were the areas most affected, along with restrictions in social life and autonomy indoors. Global disability (mRS) was moderately correlated with quality of life.

CONCLUSION

The perceived impact of stroke becomes more prominent with time, even for persons with mild-to-moderate stroke. This study highlights the need for long-term support for persons with stroke.