Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius 03101, Lithuania.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Abu-Dies 144, Palestine.
Molecules. 2019 Aug 31;24(17):3170. doi: 10.3390/molecules24173170.
The accumulation of biofilm by bacteria on hard tooth tissues leads to dental caries, which remains one of the most prevalent oral diseases. Hence, the development of new antibiofilm agents is of critical importance. The current study reports the results from testing the effectiveness of octyl gallate (C8-OG) against: (1) biofilm formation on solid surfaces (polystyrene, glass), (2) acidogenicity, (3) and the expression of biofilm-related genes. The amount of biofilm formed by bacteria was evaluated using the colorimetric method and optical profilometry. The pH of the biofilm growth medium was measured with microelectrode. A quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to assess the expression of genes encoding glucan binding protein B (), glucosyltransferases B, -C, -D (), and the F-ATPase β subunit of the F protein (). The results show that C8-OG significantly diminished biofilm formation by exposed on solid surfaces and suppressed acidogenicity in a dose-dependent manner, compared to unexposed bacteria ( < 0.05). The C8-OG concentration of 100.24 µM inhibited biofilm development on solid surfaces by 100% and prevented a decrease in pH levels by 99%. In addition, the RT-qPCR data demonstrate that the biofilm-producing bacteria treated with C8-OG underwent a significant reduction in gene expression in the case of the four genes under study (, , , and ), and there was a slight decrease in expression of the gene. However, C8-OG treatments did not produce significant expression change compared to the control for the planktonic cells, although there was a significant increase for the gene. Therefore, C8-OG might be a potent antibiofilm and/or anticaries agent for oral formulations that aim to reduce the prevalence of dental caries.
细菌在硬牙组织上形成生物膜会导致龋齿，这仍然是最普遍的口腔疾病之一。因此，开发新的抗生物膜剂至关重要。本研究报告了没食子酸辛酯（C8-OG）对以下方面的有效性测试结果：（1）在固体表面（聚苯乙烯、玻璃）上形成生物膜，（2）产酸能力，（3）以及与生物膜相关基因的表达。通过比色法和光学轮廓法评估细菌形成的生物膜量。使用微电极测量生物膜生长培养基的 pH 值。定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）用于评估编码葡聚糖结合蛋白 B（）、葡糖基转移酶 B、-C、-D（）和 F 蛋白 F-ATPase β 亚基的基因表达。结果表明，与未暴露的细菌相比，C8-OG 显著减少暴露细菌在固体表面上形成生物膜的量，并呈剂量依赖性抑制产酸（<0.05）。100.24 µM 的 C8-OG 浓度可完全抑制固体表面上的生物膜发育，并阻止 pH 值降低 99%。此外，RT-qPCR 数据表明，用 C8-OG 处理的产生物膜细菌在研究的四个基因（、、、和）的基因表达显著降低，并且 基因的表达略有下降。然而，与对照相比，C8-OG 处理对浮游细胞的基因表达没有产生显著变化，尽管 基因的表达显著增加。因此，C8-OG 可能是一种有效的抗生物膜和/或抗龋齿口腔制剂，旨在降低龋齿的患病率。
