固醇载体蛋白-2/固醇载体蛋白-x/脂肪酸结合蛋白-1缺失对脑内大麻素对高脂饮食反应的影响。

Sterol Carrier Protein-2/Sterol Carrier Protein-x/Fatty Acid Binding Protein-1 Ablation Impacts Response of Brain Endocannabinoid to High-Fat Diet.

作者信息

Martin Gregory G, Seeger Drew R, McIntosh Avery L, Milligan Sherrelle, Chung Sarah, Landrock Danilo, Dangott Lawrence J, Golovko Mikhail Y, Murphy Eric J, Kier Ann B, Schroeder Friedhelm

机构信息

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, USA.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9037, USA.

出版信息

Lipids. 2019 Oct;54(10):583-601. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12192. Epub 2019 Sep 5.

Abstract

Brain endocannabinoids (EC) such as arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) primarily originate from serum arachidonic acid (ARA), whose level is regulated in part by a cytosolic ARA-binding protein, that is, liver fatty acid binding protein-1 (FABP1), not expressed in the brain. Ablation of the Fabp1 gene (LKO) increases brain AEA and 2-AG by decreasing hepatic uptake of ARA to increase serum ARA, thereby increasing ARA availability for uptake by the brain. The brain also expresses sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2), which is also a cytosolic ARA-binding protein. To further resolve the role of SCP-2 independent of FABP1, mice ablated in the Scp-2/Scp-x gene (DKO) were crossed with mice ablated in the Fabp1 gene (LKO) mice to generate triple knock out (TKO) mice. TKO impaired the ability of LKO to increase brain AEA and 2-AG. While a high-fat diet (HFD) alone increased brain AEA, TKO impaired this effect. Overall, these TKO-induced blocks were not attributable to altered expression of brain proteins in ARA uptake, AEA/2-AG synthesis, or AEA/2-AG degrading enzymes. Instead, TKO reduced serum levels of free ARA and/or total ARA and thereby decreased ARA availability for uptake to the brain and downstream synthesis of AEA and 2-AG therein. In summary, Scp-2/Scp-x gene ablation in Fabp1 null (LKO) mice antagonized the impact of LKO and HFD on brain ARA and, subsequently, EC levels. Thus, both FABP1 and SCP-2 participate in regulating the EC system in the brain.

摘要

脑内源性大麻素(EC),如花生四烯酸乙醇胺(AEA)和2-花生四烯酸甘油酯(2-AG),主要来源于血清花生四烯酸(ARA),其水平部分受一种胞质ARA结合蛋白即肝脏脂肪酸结合蛋白-1(FABP1)调节,该蛋白在脑内不表达。敲除Fabp1基因(LKO)可通过减少肝脏对ARA的摄取以增加血清ARA,从而增加ARA可供脑摄取的量,进而增加脑内AEA和2-AG的含量。脑内还表达固醇载体蛋白-2(SCP-2),它也是一种胞质ARA结合蛋白。为了进一步明确SCP-2独立于FABP1的作用,将Scp-2/Scp-x基因敲除的小鼠(DKO)与Fabp1基因敲除的小鼠(LKO)杂交,以产生三敲除(TKO)小鼠。TKO损害了LKO增加脑内AEA和2-AG的能力。虽然单独的高脂饮食(HFD)可增加脑内AEA,但TKO削弱了这种作用。总体而言,这些TKO诱导的阻断并非归因于ARA摄取、AEA/2-AG合成或AEA/2-AG降解酶的脑蛋白表达改变。相反,TKO降低了血清游离ARA和/或总ARA水平,从而减少了ARA可供脑摄取的量以及脑内AEA和2-AG的下游合成。总之,在Fabp1基因缺失(LKO)的小鼠中敲除Scp-2/Scp-x基因可拮抗LKO和HFD对脑ARA以及随后对EC水平的影响。因此,FABP1和SCP-2都参与调节脑内的EC系统。

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