Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2020 Jun;34(2):474-483. doi: 10.1111/scs.12751. Epub 2019 Sep 5.
Prior research has underlined the meaningful function of humour in nursing settings. Nonetheless, most of the empirical evidence on humour and nursing derives from approaches that mainly considered the potential beneficial effects of humour, neglecting potential detrimental effects of the dark side of humour. Moreover, little is known about whether the specific repercussions of humour on healthcare professionals' well-being would go beyond empathy-a construct robustly related to psychological well-being.
To examine whether distinctive humour styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive and self-defeating) are differentially associated with the psychological well-being of nursing professionals. Importantly, we also analysed whether these potential humour effects go over and above the influence of empathy-related traits (perspective-taking and personal distress).
A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 104 nursing professionals with a minimum work experience of one year was recruited.
Our results revealed that a greater inclination to affiliative and self-enhancing humour styles was strongly related to higher scores on happiness, sociability, hope and life satisfaction among nursing professionals. Concerning maladaptive humour styles, aggressive humour was related to low life satisfaction and high nursing stress. By contrast, self-defeating humour-a theoretically detrimental humour style-was related to higher scores on health among these professionals. These effects emerged even after controlling for the influence of demographics (i.e., gender, age and years of experience), perspective-taking and personal distress.
Our results suggest that adaptive humour styles may promote positive indicators of well-being, but they might not protect against negative indicators. Moreover, differential effects of maladaptive humour styles emerged. Whereas aggressive humoristic expressions can be interpreted as a sign of a poor psychological functioning, self-defeating humour may boost positive psychological outcomes among nursing professionals. These data can help to design more efficient humour-based intervention programmes aimed at minimising potential negative consequences of nursing activity.
先前的研究强调了幽默在护理环境中的重要作用。然而，大多数关于幽默与护理的实证证据来自于主要考虑幽默潜在有益影响的方法，而忽略了幽默黑暗面的潜在不利影响。此外，人们对于幽默对医护人员健康的具体影响是否会超越同理心（与心理健康密切相关的一种心理构念）知之甚少。
探讨不同的幽默风格（亲和型、自我增强型、攻击型和自我挫败型）是否与护理专业人员的心理健康有不同的关联。重要的是，我们还分析了这些潜在的幽默效应是否超出了同理心相关特质（观点采择和个人困扰）的影响。
采用横断面描述性相关设计。招募了 104 名具有至少一年工作经验的护理专业人员作为便利样本。
我们的研究结果表明，亲和型和自我增强型幽默风格的倾向与护理专业人员的幸福感、社交能力、希望和生活满意度的高分有密切关系。对于适应不良的幽默风格，攻击性幽默与低生活满意度和高护理压力有关。相比之下，自我挫败型幽默——一种理论上有害的幽默风格——与这些专业人员的健康评分较高有关。这些影响甚至在控制了人口统计学因素（即性别、年龄和工作年限）、观点采择和个人困扰的影响后仍然存在。
我们的研究结果表明，适应性幽默风格可能会促进幸福感的积极指标，但它们可能无法预防消极指标。此外，还出现了适应不良的幽默风格的差异效应。虽然攻击性的幽默表达可以被解释为心理功能不佳的迹象，但自我挫败的幽默可能会提高护理专业人员的积极心理结果。这些数据有助于设计更有效的基于幽默的干预计划，以尽量减少护理活动的潜在负面影响。
