Flint P, Duckert L G, Dobie R A, Rubel E W
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1988 Oct;99(4):380-8. doi: 10.1177/019459988809900405.
Chronic perilymphatic fistulas were created in guinea pig cochleas using silicone rubber tubing placed into the scala tympani through the round window. Fistula patency was determined by fluorescein perfusion into cerebral spinal fluid. Fistula were found to be patent in 6 of 6 animals at 7 days and 8 of 13 animals at 28 days. Analysis of ABRs revealed threshold increases of 10 to 15 dB across all frequencies at 1 hour and 7 days. However, thresholds returned to pre-fistula levels by 28 days. Animals with acute fistulas (simple laceration of the round window) had similar threshold increases at 1 hour; however, recovery to baseline levels occurred by day 7. Control animals with intact round windows did not have threshold shifts. Scanning electron microscopy revealed hair cell loss localized to the apical and basal turns of the cochlea. The morphologic changes observed occurred acutely (within 7 days) and were not progressive, despite the presence of a fistula. Hair cell loss or degeneration did not correlate with hearing loss.
使用硅胶管通过圆窗插入鼓阶，在豚鼠耳蜗中制造慢性外淋巴瘘。通过向脑脊液中灌注荧光素来确定瘘管的通畅情况。发现6只动物中有6只在7天时瘘管通畅，13只动物中有8只在28天时瘘管通畅。ABR分析显示，在1小时和7天时，所有频率的阈值升高了10至15 dB。然而，到28天时，阈值恢复到瘘管形成前的水平。患有急性瘘管（圆窗单纯撕裂）的动物在1小时时阈值也有类似升高；然而，到第7天时恢复到基线水平。圆窗完整的对照动物没有阈值变化。扫描电子显微镜显示，毛细胞损失局限于耳蜗的顶回和底回。观察到的形态学变化在急性期（7天内）发生，且没有进展，尽管存在瘘管。毛细胞损失或退化与听力损失无关。
