Graduate Institute of Sports Training, Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Administrative Building, 101 Zhongcheng Rd. Section 2, Shilin District, 111 Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135 Roma, Italy.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 6;11(9):2122. doi: 10.3390/nu11092122.
The relationship between aging and perception of health and quality of life is complex and its mediation mechanisms need to be further explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of total energy expenditure and intake, body mass, and body image dissatisfaction on the relationship between age and perception of health and quality of life. Forty-two senior athletes, 55 physically active, and 61 sedentary individuals (aged 55-84 years) were evaluated for total energy expenditure (EE), energy intake (EI), body mass index (BMI), absolute Body Dissatisfaction Index (BDIabx), and physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) health and quality of life perception. Multiple mediation analyses were applied to assess the relationship between age and PCS and MCS indices, through the mediators EE, EI, BMI, and BDIabx. For MCS, but not for PSC, the mediation analysis showed: (a) a direct effect of age; (b) a mediation path through EE, EI, BMI, and BDIabx; and (c) a positive total effect. The combination of positive and negative mediating effects influencing the mental health perception underlined that with advancing age, the maintenance of high levels of energy expenditure through physical activity could positively impact body image satisfaction and, in turn, mental health.
衰老与健康和生活质量感知之间的关系是复杂的，其介导机制需要进一步探索。本研究旨在探讨总能量消耗和摄入、体重和身体形象不满在年龄与健康和生活质量感知之间关系中的中介作用。评估了 42 名高级运动员、55 名活跃的体力活动者和 61 名久坐不动者（年龄在 55-84 岁之间）的总能量消耗（EE）、能量摄入（EI）、体重指数（BMI）、绝对身体不满指数（BDIabx）以及身体（PCS）和心理（MCS）健康和生活质量感知。通过 EE、EI、BMI 和 BDIabx 等中介物，应用多重中介分析评估了年龄与 PCS 和 MCS 指数之间的关系。对于 MCS，但不是对于 PCS，中介分析显示：（a）年龄的直接影响；（b）通过 EE、EI、BMI 和 BDIabx 的中介途径；和（c）积极的总效应。积极和消极中介效应对心理健康感知的综合影响强调，随着年龄的增长，通过体育活动维持高水平的能量消耗可以积极影响身体形象满意度，并进而影响心理健康。
