Hessdörfer E, Kühn R, Sigel A
Urologische Klinik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
Urologe A. 1988 Nov;27(6):343-7.
Diverticular disease of the female urethra is rare, but not so rare as assumed hitherto. The predominant theory is that diverticula urethrae is secondary to infection of the glandulae paraurethrales, but they can be easily pared out, and this together with their three-dimensional appearance with subdivision in side, undermines this theory. On the other hand, the known fact that urethral diverticula can be observed in female babies and girls of school age and also in urethral moulds of healthy young women, in which widened urethral glands can be found, supports the idea of a congenital origin. The irritability of the female urethra results from the fact that it is made up of two germ layers. Inflammation of paraurethral ducts causes secondary widening of small congenital diverticula of the female urethra. Proximally located diverticula can irritate sphincter function, as does invasive treatment. In some cases endoscopic therapy might be justified rather than plastic surgical removal via the vagina. The history, symptoms, diagnostis, histology and secondary pathology are indicated only very briefly.
女性尿道憩室病较为罕见，但并非如迄今所认为的那样罕见。主流理论认为尿道憩室继发于尿道旁腺感染，但它们很容易被剔除，而且其三维外观及内部细分情况削弱了这一理论。另一方面，在女婴和学龄女童中以及健康年轻女性的尿道模型中可观察到尿道憩室，且其中能发现增宽的尿道腺，这一已知事实支持了先天性起源的观点。女性尿道的易激性源于其由两个胚层构成。尿道旁管的炎症会导致女性尿道先天性小憩室继发性扩张。位于近端的憩室会刺激括约肌功能，侵入性治疗也是如此。在某些情况下，内镜治疗可能比经阴道进行整形手术切除更合理。文中仅非常简要地介绍了病史、症状、诊断、组织学及继发性病理情况。
