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促结缔组织增生和癌基因驱动的腺泡到导管化生是在年轻成年小鼠的腺泡细胞衍生的胰腺癌起始过程中同时发生的事件。

Desmoplasia and oncogene driven acinar-to-ductal metaplasia are concurrent events during acinar cell-derived pancreatic cancer initiation in young adult mice.

机构信息

Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America.

Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2019 Sep 6;14(9):e0221810. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221810. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

The five-year survival rate of patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has remained static at <5% despite decades of research. With the exception of erlotinib, clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the benefit of any targeted therapy for PDAC despite promising results in preclinical animal studies. The development of more refined mouse models of PDAC which recapitulate the carcinogenic progression from non-neoplastic, adult exocrine subsets of pancreatic cells to invasive carcinoma in humans are needed to facilitate the accurate translation of therapies to the clinic. To study acinar cell-derived PDAC initiation, we developed a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC, called KPT, utilizing a tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase/estrogen receptor (ESR1) fusion protein knocked into the Ptf1a locus to activate the expression of oncogenic KrasG12D and Trp53R270H alleles in mature pancreatic acinar cells. Oncogene-expressing acinar cells underwent acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, and formed pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions following the induction of oncogene expression. After a defined latency period, oncogene-expressing acinar cells initiated the formation of highly differentiated and fibrotic tumors, which metastasized to the lungs and liver. Whole-transcriptome analysis of microdissected regions of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and histological validation experiments demonstrated that regions of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia are characterized by the deposition of the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan. These results indicate that acinar cells expressing KrasG12D and Trp53R270H can initiate PDAC development in young adult mice and implicate hyaluronan deposition in the formation of the earliest characterized PDAC precursor lesions (and the progression of pancreatic cancer). Further studies are necessary to provide a comprehensive characterization of PDAC progression and treatment response in KPT mice and to investigate whether the KPT model could be used as a tool to study translational aspects of acinar cell-derived PDAC tumorigenesis.

摘要

尽管经过几十年的研究,诊断为晚期胰腺导管腺癌 (PDAC) 的患者的五年生存率仍保持在 <5%。除厄洛替尼外,尽管临床前动物研究取得了有希望的结果,但针对 PDAC 的任何靶向治疗的临床试验均未能证明其有益。需要开发更精细的 PDAC 小鼠模型,该模型能够重现从非肿瘤性、成年外分泌胰腺细胞亚群到人类侵袭性癌的致癌进展,以促进将治疗方法准确转化为临床应用。为了研究腺泡细胞衍生的 PDAC 起始,我们开发了一种称为 KPT 的 PDAC 基因工程小鼠模型,该模型利用可诱导的 tamoxifen 诱导型 Cre 重组酶/雌激素受体 (ESR1) 融合蛋白敲入 Ptf1a 基因座,以在成熟的胰腺腺泡细胞中激活致癌 KrasG12D 和 Trp53R270H 等位基因的表达。表达致癌基因的腺泡细胞经历了腺泡到导管的化生,并在诱导致癌基因表达后形成胰腺上皮内瘤变病变。在确定的潜伏期后,表达致癌基因的腺泡细胞开始形成高度分化和纤维化的肿瘤,并转移到肺部和肝脏。对腺泡到导管化生的微切割区域的全转录组分析和组织学验证实验表明,腺泡到导管化生区域的特征在于细胞外基质成分透明质酸的沉积。这些结果表明,表达 KrasG12D 和 Trp53R270H 的腺泡细胞可以在年轻成年小鼠中引发 PDAC 发展,并暗示透明质酸沉积在最早被描述的 PDAC 前体病变的形成中(以及胰腺癌的进展)。进一步的研究对于全面描述 KPT 小鼠中的 PDAC 进展和治疗反应以及研究 KPT 模型是否可用于研究腺泡细胞衍生的 PDAC 肿瘤发生的转化方面是必要的。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9563/6731019/8b0231995085/pone.0221810.g001.jpg

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