School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 1009 East South Campus Dr., P.O. Box 210030, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, United States.
Infant Behav Dev. 2019 Nov;57:101361. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101361. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
This study investigates whether exposure to allomaternal care (AMC-care for infants from individuals other than the mother) improves rates of communicative behaviors during late infancy by providing more opportunities to practice communicating with varied caregivers. Data were collected from 102 typically-developing infants aged 13-18 months and their mothers. AMC variables were collected using a current care questionnaire, structured 14-day diary, and longitudinal interview. Communicative behaviors were assessed through post hoc microcoding of in-lab administrations of the Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS), as well as additional microcoding of the Bayley III Screening Cognitive Subtest. Demographic covariates were also included. For each communicative behavior, backward model selection was used to determine the best fitting linear regression model. Results suggested that rates of turn-taking decreased with Household AMC (p < 0.008), but increased with two or more siblings present at home (p < 0.01). Conversely, rates of spontaneous giving increased with Household AMC (p < 0.003) regardless of the presence of siblings. Notably, exposure to more AMC was neither helpful nor harmful for many of the tested communicative behaviors, although the number of siblings present was significantly related to rates of following commands, as well as pointing and reaching. Ultimately, this study suggests that household level experiences with AMC, rather than formalized care, impact the development of some communicative behaviors during late infancy.
本研究调查了异亲照顾（照顾婴儿的个体非母亲）是否通过提供更多与不同照顾者交流的机会来提高婴儿晚期交流行为的发生率。数据来自 102 名发育正常的 13-18 个月大的婴儿及其母亲。使用当前护理问卷、结构化的 14 天日记和纵向访谈收集异亲照顾变量。通过对早期社会交流量表（ESCS）的实验室管理进行事后微观编码，以及对贝利三世认知筛查子测试的额外微观编码，评估交流行为。还包括人口统计学协变量。对于每种交流行为，使用向后模型选择来确定最佳拟合线性回归模型。结果表明，轮流率随着家庭 AMC（p < 0.008）而降低，但随着家中有两个或更多兄弟姐妹而增加（p < 0.01）。相反，自发给予的比率随着家庭 AMC 而增加（p < 0.003），而与兄弟姐妹的存在无关。值得注意的是，对于许多测试的交流行为，接触更多的 AMC 既没有帮助也没有坏处，尽管家中兄弟姐妹的数量与遵循指令的比率以及指向和到达的比率显著相关。最终，本研究表明，家庭层面的异亲照顾经验，而不是正式的照顾，影响了婴儿晚期某些交流行为的发展。
