Szentmihályi Klára
Anyag- és Környezetkémiai Intézet, MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont Budapest, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., 1117.
Orv Hetil. 2019 Sep;160(36):1407-1416. doi: 10.1556/650.2019.31499.
The author briefly summarizes the relationship between oxidative stress and changes in metal ion metabolism in pathological processes. Essential metal ions such as Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se are essential in the living organisms, their metabolism and intracellular concentration are strictly regulated. Externally or intrinsically, altered metal ion metabolism can lead to metal ion accumulation or metal ion deficiency. Excess amounts of redox-active essential metals such as Fe, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni can induce free radicals under certain circumstances that cause inflammation, cell damage, and cancerous changes, although the molecular mechanism is still unclear in every detail. Changes in the metabolism of non-essential and non-variable valence metal ions also affect redox homeostasis. Despite the fact that each metal can react in a unique way and with different mechanisms, similar processes occur, where both metal deficiency and excessive metal induce oxidative stress. Antioxidant defense system is damaged, free radicals produced alter the redox balance, and redox homeostasis changed induces the production of cytokines and other transcription factors that affect the intracellular signaling pathways and affect the development of various diseases, including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological diseases and cancer. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(36): 1407-1416.
作者简要总结了病理过程中氧化应激与金属离子代谢变化之间的关系。钙、镁、铁、铜、锌、硒等必需金属离子在生物体中至关重要，它们的代谢和细胞内浓度受到严格调控。无论是外部因素还是内在因素，金属离子代谢改变都可能导致金属离子蓄积或缺乏。尽管分子机制尚未完全明确，但在某些情况下，铁、铜、钴、铬、镍等具有氧化还原活性的必需金属过量会诱导自由基产生，进而引发炎症、细胞损伤和癌变。非必需且无可变价态的金属离子代谢变化也会影响氧化还原稳态。尽管每种金属的反应方式和机制各不相同，但都会出现类似的情况，即金属缺乏和金属过量都会诱导氧化应激。抗氧化防御系统受损，产生的自由基改变氧化还原平衡，氧化还原稳态的改变会诱导细胞因子和其他转录因子的产生，从而影响细胞内信号通路，并影响包括代谢性疾病、心血管疾病、神经疾病和癌症在内的各种疾病的发展。《匈牙利医学周报》。2019年；160(36):1407 - 1416。
