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基于个体的椎动脉-基底动脉（VA-BA）交界处的血流场的 PIV 研究。

PIV investigation of the flow fields in subject-specific vertebro-basilar (VA-BA) junction.

机构信息

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xian Ning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China.

Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Weest Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.

出版信息

Biomed Eng Online. 2019 Sep 6;18(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12938-019-0711-9.

DOI:10.1186/s12938-019-0711-9
PMID:31492145
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6731569/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

As the only arterial structure of which two main arteries merged into one, the vertebro-basilar (VA-BA) system is one of the favorite sites of cerebral atherosclerotic plaques. The aim of this study was to investigate the detailed hemodynamics characteristics in the VA-BA system.

METHODS

A scale-up subject-specific flow phantom of VA-BA system was fabricated based on the computed tomography angiography (CTA) scanning images of a healthy adult. Flow fields in eight axial planes and six radial planes were measured and analyzed by using particle image velocimetry (PIV) under steady flow conditions of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. A water-glycerin mixture was used as the working fluid.

RESULTS

The flow in the current model exhibited highly three-dimensional characteristics. The confluence of VAs flow formed bimodal velocity distribution near the confluence apex. Due to the asymmetrical structural configuration, the bimodal velocity profile skewed towards left, and sharper peaks were observed under higher Reynolds condition. Secondary flow characterized by two vortices formed in the radial planes where 10 mm downstream the confluence apex and persists along the BA under both Reynolds numbers. The strength of secondary flow under [Formula: see text] is around 8% higher than that under [Formula: see text], and decayed nonlinearly along the flow direction. In addition, a low momentum recirculation region induced by boundary layer separation was observed near the confluence apex. The wall shear stress (WSS) in the recirculation area was found to be lower than 0.4 Pa. This region coincides well with the preferential site of vascular lesions in the VA-BA system.

CONCLUSIONS

This preliminary study verified that the subject-specific in-vitro experiment is capable of reflecting the detailed flow features in the VA-BA system. The findings from this study may help to expand the understanding of the hemodynamics in the VA-BA system, and further clarifying the mechanism that underlying the localization of vascular lesions.

摘要

背景

作为两条主要动脉合并为一条的唯一动脉结构，椎基底动脉（VA-BA）系统是脑动脉粥样硬化斑块的最爱部位之一。本研究旨在研究 VA-BA 系统中的详细血液动力学特征。

方法

基于健康成年人的计算机断层血管造影（CTA）扫描图像，制作了一个比例放大的 VA-BA 系统的特定于主体的流量模型。在稳态流条件下，使用粒子图像测速（PIV）测量和分析了八个轴向平面和六个径向平面中的流场，[Formula: see text]，[Formula: see text]。水-甘油混合物用作工作流体。

结果

当前模型中的流动表现出高度的三维特征。VA 流的汇流在汇流顶点附近形成了双峰速度分布。由于不对称的结构配置，双峰速度分布向左倾斜，在较高雷诺数条件下观察到更陡峭的峰值。在汇流顶点下游 10mm 的径向平面中形成了以两个涡流为特征的二次流，并在两个雷诺数下沿 BA 持续存在。在[Formula: see text]下的二次流强度比在[Formula: see text]下高约 8%，并沿流动方向呈非线性衰减。此外，在汇流顶点附近观察到边界层分离引起的低动量回流区。发现回流区的壁面剪切应力（WSS）低于 0.4Pa。该区域与 VA-BA 系统中血管病变的优先部位非常吻合。

结论

这项初步研究验证了特定于主体的体外实验能够反映 VA-BA 系统中的详细流动特征。本研究的结果可能有助于扩大对 VA-BA 系统中血液动力学的理解，并进一步阐明血管病变定位的机制。

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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f9af/6731569/6ba14cba2c1b/12938_2019_711_Fig10_HTML.jpg
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