School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Rush University, United States.
Nurs Outlook. 2020 Jan-Feb;68(1):55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
Providing quality clinical sites and preceptors is one of the greatest challenges for nurse practitioner programs.
To conduct a national survey of nurse practitioner (NP) program directors to better understand the complex process for clinical site placement in the United States.
In 2018, a web-based survey was sent to program directors to ascertain the faculty and staff effort allocation and processes related to NP student placements, the number of required clinical rotations, the total hour requirement, and preceptor incentives and barriers.
There was a 47% survey response rate. Variation in processes was found across NP programs. Almost 14% of respondents said that students were required to find sites entirely on their own. Ten percent of faculty reported devoting 90% to 100% of their effort to finding preceptors. Preceptors and sites were rarely paid, but other incentives were common.
It is vital for NP programs to streamline clinical placement processes, to foster academic-practice partnerships, and to advocate for federal funding to train the future NP workforce.
为护理从业者项目提供高质量的临床场所和导师是最大的挑战之一。
对护理从业者（NP）项目主任进行全国性调查，以更好地了解美国临床场所安置的复杂过程。
2018 年，向项目主任发送了一份基于网络的调查，以确定与 NP 学生安置、所需临床轮转次数、总时间要求以及导师激励和障碍相关的教师和工作人员的努力分配和流程。
调查的回应率为 47%。在 NP 项目中发现了流程的差异。近 14%的受访者表示，学生完全需要自己寻找实习地点。10%的教师报告说，他们将 90%到 100%的精力用于寻找导师。导师和实习地点很少得到报酬，但其他激励措施很常见。
对于 NP 项目来说，简化临床实习流程、促进学术-实践伙伴关系以及倡导联邦资金培训未来的 NP 劳动力至关重要。
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