Division of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Center of Humanities and Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 Jan;30(1):185-192. doi: 10.1111/sms.13553. Epub 2019 Oct 6.
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the occurrence of concussion in rugby tacklers. Match video records showing tackles leading to concussion were used to identify injury-inciting events. Additionally, noninjury tackles by concussed tacklers (prior to concussion) and position-matched tacklers from the same matches were used as a control cohort. All tackles were coded according to the tackling characteristics. The odds ratio (OR) was reported by logistic regression. The results demonstrated that a side step of the ball-carrier reduced the risk of concussion for tacklers (OR = 0.13 [95% CI, 0.03-0.58]; P = .008). Conversely, the tackler's head/neck contacting the ball-carrier (OR = 18.62 [95% CI, 4.59-75.49]; P < .001) and not remaining bound to the ball-carrier since making initial contact (OR = 4.38 [95% CI, 1.69-11.34]; P = .002) were identified as risk factors for the concussion of tacklers. These results suggest that avoidance movements of the ball-carrier prior to tackling reduced the risk of concussion and that incorrect tackling techniques contributed to an increased occurrence of concussion. Furthermore, the probability of concussion for tacklers increased when their head was in front or to one side of the ball-carrier, and the direction of the tackle also affected the risk of concussion, especially from the side. Therefore, it is important to emphasize the tackler's head position in conjunction with the direction of tackle.
本研究旨在确定与触式橄榄球擒抱者脑震荡发生相关的因素。使用显示导致脑震荡的擒抱的比赛视频记录来确定致伤事件。此外，还使用脑震荡擒抱者（在脑震荡之前）和来自同一比赛的位置匹配的擒抱者的非致伤擒抱作为对照队列。根据擒抱特征对所有擒抱进行编码。使用逻辑回归报告比值比（OR）。结果表明，球携带者的侧身移动降低了擒抱者脑震荡的风险（OR=0.13[95%CI，0.03-0.58]；P=0.008）。相反，擒抱者的头/颈与球携带者接触（OR=18.62[95%CI，4.59-75.49]；P<0.001）和自初次接触以来未保持与球携带者的绑定（OR=4.38[95%CI，1.69-11.34]；P=0.002）被确定为擒抱者脑震荡的危险因素。这些结果表明，在擒抱之前，球携带者的避让动作降低了脑震荡的风险，并且不正确的擒抱技术导致脑震荡的发生率增加。此外，当擒抱者的头位于球携带者的前方或一侧时，其脑震荡的可能性增加，并且擒抱的方向也会影响脑震荡的风险，特别是从侧面。因此，强调擒抱者的头部位置与擒抱的方向结合起来很重要。
