Furukawa K, Kakuta S, Uchiyama T
Department of Pharmacology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1988 Nov;92(5):283-95. doi: 10.1254/fpj.92.283.
Chemical sympathectomy induced by guanethidine or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and reserpinization were investigated by their influences on the cardiovascular system in urethane-anesthetized rats and guinea pigs and on nerve endings in the atrium or aorta and adrenaline-containing granules in the adrenal medulla. In rats, guanethidine and 6-OHDA significantly lowered the basal blood pressure, but reserpine did not. In guinea pigs, none of them affected the basal blood pressure, and with the exception of the potentiation of adrenaline-induced pressor responses, the influences of all 3 drugs on adrenaline- and tyramine-induced responses in blood pressure and heart rate were weaker than those in rats, but influences of treatments with guanethidine for 1 week were more striking than those for 5 weeks. There were significant differences between rats and guinea pigs in classified forms of nerve endings in the right atrium and of adrenaline-containing granules in the adrenal medulla or differences in the influences on the adrenal medulla by all 3 drugs. Only 6-OHDA induced injury in rat atrium. The above results suggest that there are species differences between rats and guinea pigs, not only in the chemical sympathectomized animals but also in the normal condition and that the pharmacodynamic effect of chemical sympathectomy is more prominent in rats than in guinea pigs.
通过胍乙啶或6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）诱导的化学性交感神经切除术以及利血平化，研究了它们对乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠和豚鼠心血管系统、心房或主动脉神经末梢以及肾上腺髓质含肾上腺素颗粒的影响。在大鼠中，胍乙啶和6-OHDA显著降低基础血压，但利血平没有。在豚鼠中，它们均不影响基础血压，除了增强肾上腺素诱导的升压反应外，这三种药物对肾上腺素和酪胺诱导的血压和心率反应的影响均弱于大鼠，但胍乙啶处理1周的影响比处理5周更为显著。大鼠和豚鼠在右心房神经末梢分类形式、肾上腺髓质含肾上腺素颗粒方面存在显著差异，或者这三种药物对肾上腺髓质的影响存在差异。只有6-OHDA诱导大鼠心房损伤。上述结果表明，大鼠和豚鼠之间不仅在化学性交感神经切除动物中，而且在正常情况下都存在种属差异，并且化学性交感神经切除术的药效学作用在大鼠中比在豚鼠中更为突出。
