Rees Chris A, Lee Lois K, Fleegler Eric W, Mannix Rebekah
Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2019 Nov;58(13):1423-1428. doi: 10.1177/0009922819873650. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
School shootings comprise a small proportion of childhood deaths from firearms; however, these shootings receive a disproportionately large share of media attention. We conducted a root cause analysis of 2 recent school shootings in the United States using lay press reports. We reviewed 1760 and analyzed 282 articles from the 10 most trusted news sources. We identified 356 factors associated with the school shootings. Policy-level factors, including a paucity of adequate legislation controlling firearm purchase and ownership, were the most common contributing factors to school shootings. Mental illness was a commonly cited person-level factor, and access to firearms in the home and availability of large-capacity firearms were commonly cited environmental factors. Novel approaches, including root cause analyses using lay media, can identify factors contributing to mass shootings. The policy, person, and environmental factors associated with these school shootings should be addressed as part of a multipronged effort to prevent future mass shootings.
校园枪击事件在儿童枪支死亡事件中占比很小；然而，这些枪击事件却获得了媒体不相称的大量关注。我们利用大众媒体报道对美国近期发生的两起校园枪击事件进行了根本原因分析。我们查阅了1760篇文章，并分析了来自10个最受信赖的新闻来源的282篇文章。我们确定了与校园枪击事件相关的356个因素。政策层面的因素，包括缺乏控制枪支购买和拥有的适当立法，是校园枪击事件最常见的促成因素。精神疾病是常见的个人层面因素，家庭中枪支的可获取性和大容量枪支的可得性是常见的环境因素。包括利用大众媒体进行根本原因分析在内的新方法，可以识别导致大规模枪击事件的因素。与这些校园枪击事件相关的政策、个人和环境因素应作为预防未来大规模枪击事件的多方面努力的一部分加以解决。
