Porous Polystyrene Monoliths Prepared from Simultaneous Interpenetrating Polymer Networks: Modulation of Morphology by Polymerization Kinetics.

Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) were prepared by simultaneous orthogonal polymerizations, where the linear poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and the poly(styrene--divinylbenzene) (PS) network was formed by free-radical polymerization of styrene/divinylbenzene. Semi-IPNs were used as the precursors for the preparation of porous PS monoliths. To this end, the PCL domains were selectively removed by hydrolysis under basic conditions. By changing the amount of organocatalyst used for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, the relative polymerization kinetics of both monomers was varied, which has a pronounced effect on the morphology of thus-obtained PS frameworks.