Abd El-Gawad Eman A, Wang Han-Ping, Yao Hong
Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.
Department of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt.
Front Physiol. 2019 Aug 21;10:1056. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01056. eCollection 2019.
The current study assessed the effect of dietary canthaxanthin and lycopene supplementation at different concentrations on growth performance and antioxidant status in yellow perch (). In this regard, fish with initial weight (32 ± 1.0 g) were divided into five groups in triplicate, and fed on carotenoid-free diet (control), canthaxanthin (CTX) (50 and 100 mg/kg diet), and lycopene (200 and 400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated after 30 and 60 days post feeding. Tissue liver and intestine from six fish per treatment was collected for antioxidant and digestive enzymes analysis. The results revealed a significant increase ( < 0.05) of lipid content in the group fed lycopene at a dietary level 400 mg/kg for 60 days, compared to the control. Moreover, dietary carotenoids exhibited no significant effect on growth performance; this was evidenced by no significant up-regulation of growth hormone () and insulin-like growth factor 1b () genes after 30 and 60 days post feeding. Intestinal lipase and trypsin activities were significantly improved with dietary lycopene especially at a dose of (400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver was also significantly decreased with dietary lycopene (400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were significantly decreased with dietary CTX, especially at dose (100 mg/kg diet) and lycopene at a concentration of 200 and 400 mg/kg diet after 60 days feeding. Additionally, the immune-related gene interleukin-1 beta () mRNA expression level revealed up-regulation in groups fed on CTX at different concentrations for 30 days, and fish fed lycopene at a concentration level 400 mg/kg diet for 60 days. The obtained results concluded that dietary supplementation of canthaxanthin and lycopene could enhance immune response and maintain antioxidants defense of fish. Therefore, it considered as a functional aquafeed ingredient for yellow perch.
本研究评估了不同浓度的膳食虾青素和番茄红素补充剂对黄鲈生长性能和抗氧化状态的影响。在此方面，将初始体重为（32±1.0克）的鱼分为五组，每组三个重复，分别投喂不含类胡萝卜素的饲料（对照组）、虾青素（CTX）（50和100毫克/千克饲料）以及番茄红素（200和400毫克/千克饲料），持续60天。投喂30天和60天后评估生长参数和抗氧化酶。从每种处理的六条鱼中收集肝脏和肠道组织用于抗氧化和消化酶分析。结果显示，与对照组相比，在饲料中添加400毫克/千克番茄红素60天的组中脂质含量显著增加（P<0.05）。此外，膳食类胡萝卜素对生长性能没有显著影响；这在投喂30天和60天后生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子1b（IGF-1b）基因未显著上调中得到证明。膳食番茄红素显著提高了肠道脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性，尤其是在剂量为（400毫克/千克饲料）持续60天的情况下。饲料中添加番茄红素（400毫克/千克饲料）60天也显著降低了肝脏中的丙二醛（MDA）水平。投喂60天后，膳食虾青素显著降低了肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性，尤其是在剂量为（100毫克/千克饲料）时，而番茄红素在浓度为200和400毫克/千克饲料时也有此作用。此外，免疫相关基因白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）mRNA表达水平在投喂不同浓度虾青素30天的组以及投喂400毫克/千克饲料番茄红素60天的鱼中显示上调。所得结果表明，膳食补充虾青素和番茄红素可以增强鱼类的免疫反应并维持其抗氧化防御。因此，它被认为是黄鲈的一种功能性水产饲料成分。
