Imoro Ziblim A, Larbi Joshua, Duwiejuah Abudu B
Biodiversity Conservation and Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala Campus, Tamale, Ghana.
Ecotourism and Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala Campus, Tamale, Ghana.
J Health Pollut. 2019 Aug 6;9(23):190906. doi: 10.5696/2156-9614-9.23.190906. eCollection 2019 Sep.
Over and improper use of chemical pesticides can have adverse effects on the environment, human health, and social capital.
The present study investigated pesticides available in the market, as well as handling and usage of pesticides by farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana.
Cluster sampling was used to select 20 communities from the Tolon District. Simple random sampling was then used to select 5 households from each community and one farmer from each household, giving a sample size of 100 farmers.
The survey identified 39 agrochemical shops in the Tamale Metropolis. Thirty-six different pesticides were identified on the market, mainly comprised of insecticides and herbicides. The predominant active ingredients were cypermethrin and glyphosate in insecticides and herbicides, respectively. The survey revealed 18 kinds of pesticides commonly used by the farmers on their fields, with atrazine being the most commonly used herbicide (42%) and Lambda Super 2.5 EC the most commonly used insecticide (50%). The study also revealed that 64% of the respondents disposed of their empty pesticide containers indiscriminately and 44% stored used and unused pesticides in their bedrooms.
The mode of disposal of used pesticides containers and storage of pesticides by the respondents contribute to human health and environmental hazards. Measures to educate farmers on pesticide usage and storage to help accomplish the target of environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural production should be taken by the appropriate authorities.
Obtained.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
化学农药的过度和不当使用会对环境、人类健康和社会资本产生不利影响。
本研究调查了加纳北部地区市场上可得的农药以及农民对农药的处理和使用情况。
采用整群抽样从托伦区选取20个社区。然后采用简单随机抽样从每个社区选取5户家庭，并从每户家庭中选取一名农民，样本量为100名农民。
调查在塔马利市确定了39家农用化学品商店。市场上共识别出36种不同的农药，主要包括杀虫剂和除草剂。杀虫剂和除草剂中占主导地位的活性成分分别是氯氰菊酯和草甘膦。调查显示农民在田间常用的农药有18种，其中莠去津是最常用的除草剂（42%），高效氯氟氰菊酯2.5%乳油是最常用的杀虫剂（50%）。研究还表明，64%的受访者随意丢弃空农药容器，44%的受访者将用过的和未使用的农药存放在卧室里。
受访者处理用过的农药容器的方式和农药储存方式对人类健康和环境构成危害。有关当局应采取措施，对农民进行农药使用和储存方面的教育，以帮助实现环境友好型和可持续农业生产的目标。
已获得。
作者声明不存在相互竞争的财务利益。
