Li Xin, Zhang Wei, Sun Huiying, Anis Aslam H
School of Social and Public Administration, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2019 Sep 9;9(9):e024115. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024115.
To analyse the effects of health status on work exit and absenteeism among the older working population in China.
Secondary analysis of a cohort sample.
Community samples who engaged in either agricultural or non-agriculture work or both in the 2011 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and whose age was 45-55 years for women or 45-60 years for men in the 2013 wave.
Work exit and number of absent workdays due to health problems in 2013. To address the problems of measurement error of self-rated health status, we used disability condition, number of chronic diseases and functional limitation to construct an index of health. We divided the sample into four groups according to gender and work types (farmers who conducted any agricultural work in 2011 vs non-farmers who conducted non-agricultural work only) and conducted analyses separately.
Farmers (11.0% for women and 4.9% for men) were less likely to exit from work than non-farmers (18.5% and 12.0%, respectively) but took more absent workdays (16.6 days for women and 15.0 days for men) than non-farmers (5.6 and 4.9). Poor health status in 2011 was significantly associated with the work exit in 2013 of female and male farmers but not non-farmers. Older workers (except female non-farmers) with persistently poor health or recent health deterioration over time were significantly more likely to stop working or missed more workdays than those with persistently good health.
Poor 2-year lagged health predicts work exit for both male and female farmers, and increases the absent work days in all older working population. Persistently poor health or recent health deterioration over time has detrimental impact on labour market in terms of work exit and absenteeism among all older Chinese workers except for female non-farmers.
分析健康状况对中国老年在职人口离职和旷工的影响。
队列样本的二次分析。
来自中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2011年调查波次中从事农业或非农业工作或两者皆有的社区样本，在2013年调查波次中女性年龄为45 - 55岁，男性年龄为45 - 60岁。
2013年的离职情况以及因健康问题导致的旷工天数。为解决自评健康状况测量误差的问题，我们使用残疾状况、慢性病数量和功能受限情况构建了一个健康指数。我们根据性别和工作类型（2011年从事任何农业工作的农民与仅从事非农业工作的非农民）将样本分为四组，并分别进行分析。
农民（女性为11.0%，男性为4.9%）比非农民（分别为18.5%和12.0%）离职可能性更低，但旷工天数（女性为16.6天，男性为15.0天）比非农民（5.6天和4.9天）更多。2011年的健康状况不佳与2013年男女农民的离职显著相关，但与非农民无关。健康状况持续不佳或近期随时间恶化的老年工作者（女性非农民除外）比健康状况持续良好的人更有可能停止工作或旷工天数更多。
滞后两年的健康状况不佳预示着男女农民都会离职，并增加了所有老年在职人口的旷工天数。除女性非农民外，健康状况持续不佳或近期随时间恶化对所有中国老年工作者的劳动力市场在离职和旷工方面都有不利影响。
