Xu Pingping, Yu Yuxiang, Chang Miaomiao, Chang Jianmin
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
College of Art and Design, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2019 Sep 9;11(9):1471. doi: 10.3390/polym11091471.
Introducing bio-oil into phenolic foam (PF) can effectively improve the toughness of PF, but its flame retardant performance will be adversely affected and show a decrease. To offset the decrease in flame retardant performance, montmorillonite (MMT) can be added as a promising alternative to enhance the flame resistance of foams. The present work reported the effects of MMT on the chemical structure, morphological property, mechanical performance, flame resistance, and thermal stability of bio-oil phenolic foam (BPF). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) result showed that the -OH group peaks shifted to a lower frequency after adding MMT, indicating strong hydrogen bonding between MMT and bio-oil phenolic resin (BPR) molecular chains. Additionally, when a small content of MMT (2-4 wt %) was added in the foamed composites, the microcellular structures of bio-oil phenolic foam modified by MMT (MBPFs) were more uniform and compact than that of BPF. As a result, the best performance of MBPF was obtained with the addition of 4 wt % MMT, where compressive strength and limited oxygen index (LOI) increased by 31.0% and 33.2%, respectively, and the pulverization ratio decreased by 40.6% in comparison to BPF. These tests proved that MMT can blend well with bio-oil to effectively improve the flame resistance of PF while enhancing toughness.
将生物油引入酚醛泡沫（PF）中可有效提高PF的韧性，但其阻燃性能会受到不利影响并呈现下降趋势。为抵消阻燃性能的下降，可添加蒙脱石（MMT）作为一种有前景的替代品来提高泡沫的阻燃性。本工作报道了MMT对生物油酚醛泡沫（BPF）的化学结构、形态性能、力学性能、阻燃性和热稳定性的影响。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）结果表明，添加MMT后，-OH基团峰向低频方向移动，表明MMT与生物油酚醛树脂（BPR）分子链之间存在强氢键。此外，当在发泡复合材料中添加少量MMT（2-4 wt%）时，MMT改性的生物油酚醛泡沫（MBPFs）的微孔结构比BPF更均匀、致密。结果，添加4 wt% MMT时获得了MBPF的最佳性能，与BPF相比，其压缩强度和极限氧指数（LOI）分别提高了31.0%和33.2%，粉化率降低了40.6%。这些测试证明，MMT可与生物油良好混合，在提高韧性的同时有效提高PF的阻燃性。
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