结直肠癌中的克罗恩样淋巴反应——具有免疫和潜在治疗相关性的结直肠癌中的三级淋巴结构。
The Crohn's-Like Lymphoid Reaction to Colorectal Cancer-Tertiary Lymphoid Structures With Immunologic and Potentially Therapeutic Relevance in Colorectal Cancer.
机构信息
Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2019 Aug 22;10:1884. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01884. eCollection 2019.
The Crohn's-like lymphoid reaction (CLR) to colorectal cancer (CRC), a CRC-specific ectopic lymphoid reaction, is thought to play an important role in the host response to CRC. CLR is characterized by peritumoral lymphocytic aggregates that are found at the advancing edge of the tumor. Spatial and molecular characterization of CLR within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have uncovered a spectrum of peritumoral lymphoid aggregates with varying levels of organization and maturation. In early stages of CLR development, CD4+ T-cells cluster predominantly with mature antigen presenting dendritic cells. As CLR matures, increasing numbers of B-cells, as well as follicular dendritic cells are recruited to create lymphoid follicles. When highly organized, CLR resembles functional tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), allowing for lymphocyte recruitment to the TME and promoting a tumor-specific adaptive immune response. CLR has been consistently associated with favorable prognostic factors and improved survival among CRC patients, often providing more prognostic information than current clinical staging systems. However, consensus is lacking regarding CLR scoring and it is not clinically assessed or reported. Differences between CLR and other cancer-associated lymphoid structures exist both in primary and metastatic disease, underscoring the need to characterize organ-specific TLS. Further research is needed to explore the role of CLR in predicting response to immunotherapy and to leverage CLR to promote immunotherapeutic strategies in CRC.
结直肠癌(CRC)的克罗恩样淋巴反应(CLR)是一种 CRC 特异性异位淋巴反应,被认为在宿主对 CRC 的反应中发挥重要作用。CLR 的特征是肿瘤周围存在淋巴细胞聚集,位于肿瘤的前沿。在肿瘤微环境(TME)中对 CLR 的空间和分子特征进行了研究,发现了一系列具有不同组织和成熟程度的肿瘤周围淋巴样聚集物。在 CLR 发展的早期阶段,CD4+ T 细胞主要与成熟的抗原呈递树突状细胞聚集。随着 CLR 的成熟,越来越多的 B 细胞和滤泡树突状细胞被招募来形成淋巴滤泡。当高度组织化时,CLR 类似于功能性三级淋巴结构(TLS),允许淋巴细胞募集到 TME 并促进肿瘤特异性适应性免疫反应。CLR 与 CRC 患者的有利预后因素和生存率提高一直相关,通常比当前的临床分期系统提供更多的预后信息。然而,对于 CLR 评分缺乏共识,也没有在临床上进行评估或报告。CLR 和其他与癌症相关的淋巴结构之间的差异存在于原发性和转移性疾病中,这强调了需要对特定于器官的 TLS 进行特征描述。需要进一步的研究来探讨 CLR 在预测免疫治疗反应中的作用,并利用 CLR 促进 CRC 中的免疫治疗策略。