University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Molecular Enzymology, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Metallomics. 2019 Oct 16;11(10):1602-1624. doi: 10.1039/c9mt00186g.
Bacterial molybdoenzymes are key enzymes involved in the global sulphur, nitrogen and carbon cycles. These enzymes require the insertion of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) into their active sites and are able to catalyse a large range of redox-reactions. Escherichia coli harbours nineteen different molybdoenzymes that require a tight regulation of their synthesis according to substrate availability, oxygen availability and the cellular concentration of molybdenum and iron. The synthesis and assembly of active molybdoenzymes are regulated at the level of transcription of the structural genes and of translation in addition to the genes involved in Moco biosynthesis. The action of global transcriptional regulators like FNR, NarXL/QP, Fur and ArcA and their roles on the expression of these genes is described in detail. In this review we focus on what is known about the molybdenum- and iron-dependent regulation of molybdoenzyme and Moco biosynthesis genes in the model organism E. coli. The gene regulation in E. coli is compared to two other well studied model organisms Rhodobacter capsulatus and Shewanella oneidensis.
细菌钼酶是参与全球硫、氮和碳循环的关键酶。这些酶需要将钼辅因子（Moco）插入其活性部位，并能够催化一系列广泛的氧化还原反应。大肠杆菌含有十九种不同的钼酶，根据底物可用性、氧气可用性以及钼和铁的细胞浓度，需要严格调节其合成。活性钼酶的合成和组装在结构基因的转录水平和翻译水平以及涉及 Moco 生物合成的基因进行调节。全局转录调节剂如 FNR、NarXL/QP、Fur 和 ArcA 的作用及其对这些基因表达的作用已详细描述。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了在模式生物大肠杆菌中，钼和铁依赖的钼酶和 Moco 生物合成基因的调节。大肠杆菌中的基因调控与另外两个研究较好的模式生物红杆菌和希瓦氏菌进行了比较。
