State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2020 Jan;238:124578. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124578. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
Twenty-four per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were analyzed in water and sediment from the Jiulong Estuary-Xiamen Bay to study their seasonal variations, transport, partitioning behavior and ecological risks. The total concentration of PFASs in water ranged from 11 to 98 ng L (average 45 ng L) during the dry season, 0.19-5.7 ng L (average 1.5 ng L) during the wet season, and 3.0-5.4 ng g dw (average 3.9 ng g dw) in sediment. In water samples, short-chain PFASs were dominated by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFBA) in the dry season and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) in the wet season, while long chain PFASs, such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), dominated in the sediment. The highest concentration of PFASs in water were found in the estuary; in contrast, the highest level of PFASs in sediment were found in Xiamen Bay. These spatial distributions of PFASs indicate that river discharge is the main source of PFASs in estuarine water, while the harbor, airport and wastewater treatment plant near Xiamen Bay may be responsible for the high PFBS and PFOS concentrations in water and sediment. The partition coefficients (log K) of PFASs between sediment and water (range from 1.64 to 4.14) increased with carbon chain length (R = 0.99) and also showed a positive relationship with salinity. A preliminary environmental risk assessment indicated that PFOS and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water and sediment pose no significant ecological risk to organisms.
本研究采集了厦门九龙江口-厦门湾海域的水体和沉积物样品，分析了 24 种全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs），以探讨其季节性变化、输运、分配行为和生态风险。结果表明，枯水期水体中 PFASs 的总浓度为 11-98ng/L（平均值为 45ng/L），丰水期为 0.19-5.7ng/L（平均值为 1.5ng/L），沉积物中为 3.0-5.4ng/g dw（平均值为 3.9ng/g dw）。在水体样本中，短链 PFASs 在枯水期以全氟辛酸（PFBA）为主，在丰水期以全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）为主，而长链 PFASs 如全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）则在沉积物中占主导地位。水体中 PFASs 的浓度最高出现在河口，而沉积物中 PFASs 的浓度最高出现在厦门湾。这些 PFASs 的空间分布表明，河流排放是河口水中 PFASs 的主要来源，而厦门湾附近的港口、机场和污水处理厂可能是导致水体和沉积物中 PFBS 和 PFOS 浓度较高的原因。PFASs 在沉积物-水之间的分配系数（log K）（范围为 1.64-4.14）随碳链长度的增加而增加（R²=0.99），并且与盐度呈正相关。初步的生态风险评估表明，水体和沉积物中的 PFOS 和全氟辛酸（PFOA）对生物没有显著的生态风险。
