本地治里市城市地区产后母亲贫血患病率高：一项基于社区的研究。
High prevalence of anemia among postnatal mothers in Urban Puducherry: A community-based study.
作者信息
Selvaraj Ramya, Ramakrishnan Jayalakshmy, Sahu Swaroop Kumar, Kar Sitanshu Sekhar, Laksham Karthik Balajee, Premarajan K C, Roy Gautam
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal, Puducherry, India.
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
出版信息
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Aug 28;8(8):2703-2707. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_386_19. eCollection 2019 Aug.
BACKGROUND
Anemia is a common problem across all life stages and ages with a higher burden among women. The postnatal period is an often-neglected period for the provision of effective care to the mothers. Anemia burden is also high during this period, which leads to many morbidities and poor quality of life.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study was done in the field practice area of two Urban Primary Health Centres (PHCs) in Puducherry between March 2015 and February 2016. A total of 227 postnatal mothers were selected by simple random sampling from the list of mothers delivered from the field practice area. House visit was done within 4 weeks of completion of their postnatal period. Socio-demographic details and third-trimester hemoglobin levels were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Hemoglobin level during post-partum was measured using Sahli's Hemoglobinometer. Paired -test is done to assess the difference in hemoglobin antepartum and post-partum. Multiple Logistic Regression is done to identify factors associated with postpartum anemia.
RESULTS
The mean (SD) hemoglobin during postpartum was 10.95 (1.1) gm% ranging from 7.4 gm% to 13.8 gm%. The prevalence of anemia among postnatal mothers is 76.2% ( = 173, 95% CI: 70.4%-81.4%). Around 26% (59) had mild anemia, 49.8% (113) had moderate anemia and 0.4% (1) had severe anemia. One-fourth of the mothers who had a normal hemoglobin level in their third trimester had developed anemia in the postnatal period. There was a significant difference in mean hemoglobin during postpartum and that of third trimester (10.95 vs 10.69 gm%, = 3.4, df 226, = 0.001). Birth order of two or more is significantly associated with postpartum anemia (aOR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.07-4.39).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of anemia among postnatal mothers is high. Routine hemoglobin estimation, advice on consumption of iron-rich foods and Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation have to be provided to postnatal mothers to improve this situation.
背景
贫血是所有生命阶段和年龄段都常见的问题，在女性中负担更重。产后时期往往是为母亲提供有效护理时被忽视的阶段。这一时期贫血负担也很高，会导致许多疾病和生活质量低下。
方法
2015年3月至2016年2月期间，在本地治里两个城市初级卫生保健中心（PHC）的实地实践区域开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过简单随机抽样从实地实践区域分娩母亲名单中选取了227名产后母亲。在她们产后4周内进行家访。使用预先测试过的问卷收集社会人口学细节和孕晚期血红蛋白水平。产后血红蛋白水平使用萨利血红蛋白计测量。采用配对检验评估产前和产后血红蛋白的差异。进行多因素逻辑回归以确定与产后贫血相关的因素。
结果
产后血红蛋白平均（标准差）为10.95（1.1）克/百分比，范围为7.4克/百分比至13.8克/百分比。产后母亲贫血患病率为76.2%（ = 173，95%可信区间：70.4%-81.4%）。约26%（59人）患有轻度贫血，49.8%（113人）患有中度贫血，0.4%（1人）患有重度贫血。孕晚期血红蛋白水平正常的母亲中有四分之一在产后患上了贫血。产后平均血红蛋白与孕晚期平均血红蛋白存在显著差异（10.95对10.69克/百分比， = 3.4，自由度226， = 0.001）。两个或更多的生育顺序与产后贫血显著相关（调整后比值比2.2，95%可信区间：1.07-4.39）。
结论
产后母亲贫血患病率很高。必须为产后母亲提供常规血红蛋白检测、富含铁食物摄入建议以及铁和叶酸（IFA）补充剂，以改善这种情况。
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