Noronha J A, Bhaduri A, Vinod Bhat H, Kamath A
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Feb;30(2):132-6. doi: 10.3109/01443610903267457.
Anaemia in pregnancy is still a concern during the reproductive period, as it is associated with increased maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study examined the maternal risk factors associated with increased prevalence of anaemia among antenatal and postnatal women. A prospective-retrospective cohort approach was carried out among 1,077 antenatal and 1,000 postnatal women. The haemoglobin was estimated using the cyanmethaemoglobin method. The maternal factors included were age, parity, education, socioeconomic status, spacing, history of bleeding, worm infestation, period of gestation, knowledge regarding anaemia in pregnancy, food selection ability and compliance to iron supplementation. Of the 1,077 antenatal women studied, 540 were anaemic. Among the 1,000 postnatal women, the prevalence was 537 (53.7%). The high prevalence was strongly associated with low socioeconomic status (OR 1.409 [1.048-1.899]; p < 0.023) which affected their knowledge and health seeking behaviour in both the groups. Hence it can be concluded that empowering women in terms of education and economic status is the key factor in combating anaemia in pregnancy to prevent the vicious cycle of associated problems.
孕期贫血在生育期仍是一个令人担忧的问题，因为它与孕产妇和围产期死亡率及发病率的增加相关。本研究调查了产前和产后女性中与贫血患病率增加相关的孕产妇风险因素。对1077名产前女性和1000名产后女性采用前瞻性-回顾性队列研究方法。使用氰化高铁血红蛋白法测定血红蛋白。纳入的孕产妇因素包括年龄、产次、教育程度、社会经济地位、生育间隔、出血史、蠕虫感染、孕周、对孕期贫血的认知、食物选择能力以及铁补充剂的依从性。在1077名接受研究的产前女性中，有540名贫血。在1000名产后女性中，患病率为537例（53.7%）。高患病率与低社会经济地位密切相关（比值比1.409 [1.048 - 1.899]；p < 0.023），这影响了两组女性的认知和就医行为。因此可以得出结论，在教育和经济地位方面增强女性能力是对抗孕期贫血以预防相关问题恶性循环的关键因素。
