Department of Zoology, Toxicology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India.
J Cell Physiol. 2020 Apr;235(4):3119-3130. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29219. Epub 2019 Sep 23.
Oxidative stress is the increase in cellular oxidant concentration in comparison to antioxidant titer. Toxic insults and many other diseased conditions are mediated through the formation of such condition. Once the redox equilibrium is disrupted, the cellular antioxidant system functions to bring back the cell to redox homeostasis state. The field players of the cytoprotective machinery are the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes that are transcriptionally controlled by upstream regulatory pathways like the Nrf2-ARE pathway and AhR-XRE pathway. The importance of Nrf2 lies in the fact that it is activated by a variety of compounds and has a wide range of inducers including metals, organic toxicants and so forth. The present review article aims to discuss the role of Nrf2 in cellular protection and also intends to illuminate the regulatory mechanisms that control Nrf2 itself. This can add to our knowledge of how the cell reacts and survives against such stressed conditions.
氧化应激是指细胞内氧化剂浓度相对于抗氧化剂浓度的增加。有毒物质的侵害和许多其他疾病状况都是通过形成这种情况来介导的。一旦氧化还原平衡被打破，细胞抗氧化系统就会发挥作用，使细胞恢复到氧化还原平衡状态。细胞保护机制的参与者是细胞溶质代谢酶，它们通过上游调节途径（如 Nrf2-ARE 途径和 AhR-XRE 途径）转录调控。Nrf2 的重要性在于它被多种化合物激活，并且具有广泛的诱导剂，包括金属、有机毒物等。本文旨在讨论 Nrf2 在细胞保护中的作用，并阐明控制 Nrf2 本身的调节机制。这可以增加我们对细胞如何对这种应激条件做出反应和存活的了解。
